588 WILLIAM ALBERT SETCHLLL 



» Marine Algae of Peru» (Mem. Torrey Bot. Club, 15: 43 — 46, figs. 9 — 14, pis. 

 g, 10, 1914), has described and figured two (2) species of Coduim from Peru: 

 ■ — C. toinentosuin var. penn'ianum M. A. Howe and C. fozwolatuiii M. A. Howe. 

 O. C. Schmidt, in his contributions towards a knowledge of the genus Codhmi 

 (Bibliotheca Botanica, Heft. 91: 22, 1923) seems to regard the Pacific coasts of 

 the Americas as inhabited by endemic species, outside of the very generally 

 distributed C. fragile (Sur.) Hariot. SCHMIDT does not add any reference to 

 species beyond those given above. It is to be assumed, then, that the plants 

 referred to the various species by the various authors, as outlined above, are 

 all that are know-n to occur on the Pacific Coast of South America and with 

 which immediate comparison should be made. Certainly none of these species, 

 with the sole exception of C. fragile, is at all closeh- related to those of the 

 northern or to those of the tropical Pacific, nor do any of these seem, witii 

 the exception above noted, to indicate an\' intimate relationship with the New 

 Zealand-Australian Codiums. 



There are some eleven (11) numbers of Codiums, collected by Professor 

 Dr. Carl Skottsberg on the islands of Masatierra and Masafuera. Three (3) 

 of these are of the cushion type [Tylecodiiun) while the remaining eight (8) 

 are elongated and dichotomously branched {Schi.':;ocodiui)i). The Tylecodiums 

 are in excellent condition, except that they are sterile, but the Schizocodiums 

 are almost entirely incomplete, not showing well the desirable distinctive differ- 

 ences in habit. 



Subgenus Tjiecodiiini Setchell. 



■i>Tnlecodiui}i->->. in A. H. S. LuCAS, Proc. Linn. Soc, N. S. W., 60: 200, 

 1935 (with suggestion by LuCAS of preferable orthography!). 



The cushion Codiums differ not only in habit from the truly branched 

 Codiums {Schizocodiuui), but also in utricular morphology, their utricles being 

 typically branched while those of the species of ScJiizocodiiivi are simple. Of 

 Tylecodiums, the first South American collection was made at Valparaiso, 

 Chile, by the U. S. Exploring Expedition, and was listed by Bailey and Harve}- 

 (loc. cit.) as Codiiini adhaerens\ the second from Puerto Melinca, in the Guiatecas 

 Islands of West Patagonia, named C. dimorphiun by SVEDELius (loc. cit.). 

 Skottsberg made a third collection, represented by 3 numbers from Masa- 

 tierra, completing the record of Tylecodiums for the west coast of South 

 America, so far as known up to the time of writing. Specimens of all three 

 collections have been examined and it seems best to regard them as represen- 

 tative of at least two different species. 



Codium cerebriforme sp. nov. 



Plate 3-j, figures i — 3, and plate 39, figures i — 5. 



Thallus hemispherico-pulvinatus, cerebriformi-convolutus, 4 cm. hor.-diam., 

 usque ad 2 cm. altus, colore.', infero per areas parvas adhaerens; lobis thalli e 



