THE VEGETATION OF THE JUAN FERNANDEZ ISLANDS 833 



cases where the axillary buds of an innovation developed in April and gave rise 

 to prole[)tic shoots and even few-flowered umbels. It also happens that the tip 

 of a flowering branch continues to grow and forms a set of crowded leaves, but 

 after April no new ones were producetl, and I doubt that the \ery small apical 

 bud makes a fresh start in the si)ring. Shoots not having flowered were at rest 

 in August (Fig. 8 b). 



Fag-am mayu (Bert.) Engl., "Xaranjillo". Rutaceae. A common tree all 

 through the wooded country, extending to at least 600 m above sea-level and 

 going west to Juanango and Cerro Chumacera. The largest tree on this island, 

 up to 25 or perhaps 30 m tall; the three largest trunks seen measured 87, 95 and 

 110 cm in diam. 1.5 m above the ground. The flr.st-mentioned is shown on 

 PI. 59:1. In old trees the base is wide and the roots, spread horizontally and 

 continued in clumsy buttresses, help to support the trunk much as in so many 

 large trees in tropical forests (Fig. 7). Head shaped as a more or less regular, 

 inverted cone (see Skottsb. ^?, PI. I: i). Bark thin, 1—2 mm, gray, rough and ringed 

 by broad lenticels. Wood yellow, hard and durable. Leaves pinnate, firm, the 

 young ones very resinous. Buds naked but well protected by a coat of resin 

 (Fig. 8 d). Specimens in full bloom were collected in August, 1917 (Fig. 8 c; 

 none were found at the same time of the year in 1908], and mature fruits together 

 with female buds — the species is dioecious — in April. Vegetative buds had 

 started life in August and continued to develop all through the summer and as 

 late as April; possibly there is no definite period of rest. With the new growth 

 the leaflets of the older leaves are gradually lost, leaving the rhachis standing. 



Fagara externa Skottsb., "Xaranjillo". Lowest and highest stations observed, 

 280 and 515 m. A medium-sized tree, probably not over 20 m tall, much more 

 slender than its Masatierran congener and less frequent. Only known with fruit, 

 collected in Feb. — March, 19 17. 



Coprostna pyrifolia (Hook, et Arn.) Skottsb., 'Teralillo'". Rubiaceae. In both 

 islands, an important tree on Masatierra, ranging next to luma, canelo and naranjillo, 

 from near the sea to at least 650 m and west to Cerro Chumacera. Scattered on 

 Masafuera, but probably occurring in all wooded valleys and forming small 

 pure stands in some places outside the luma forest, e. g. at the entrance to Oue- 

 brada de las Casas (PI. 109:1), Along the edge of the highland it attains 950 m, 

 and one very small plant was observed in the Alpine heath. A medium-sized 

 tree; mature specimens according to Bertero 4.5 — 6 m high on Masatierra, rarely 

 over 10 m according to Johow, who figures a fine specimen on pi. VII — the explana- 

 tion says 7 m high with a trunk 190 cm in circumference, but measurements on 

 the plate give other results: with a height of 7 m, the diameter was about 27 cm, 

 with a diameter of about --,'& cm, the height would have been 15 m. We saw the 

 largest specimens on Masafuera, about 12 m as estimated. The smallest fruiting 

 plant was only 2 m tall. Bark about 3 mm thick, light grayish brown when young, 

 later darker to almost black and checkered by prominent cork-ridges, mostly 

 without epiphytes. Lea\es soft coriaceous, very bright green and glossy in sunny, 

 open places. Shoots continue their growth through the summer; Fig. 8 e shows 

 an apex in the beginning of April, when the terminal bud, protected by the 



