DERIVATION OF THE FLORA AND FAUNA 235 



Oncopliorus fueoumus, Dicranoloma Billardieri, Rhacomitrium subnigritum, 

 symphyodontum and striatipikmi, Rhizogonium Novae HoUandiae, Rartramia patens, 

 riiilonotis scabrifolia, Ptery<4ophylluni anomalum, obscurum and dcnticulatum, 

 Psilopilum antarcticuni, P()l\'trichadel|)luis ma<>ellanicu.s. 



III. Neotropical element. — 14 (11.7 %). 



Recorded from tropical America but not fVoni Chile, or related to tropical 

 species. 



(7. luulemic (8): Canipylopus subareodictyon, Leptodontium fernandezianum, 

 Bryuni fernandezianum, l^innatella macrosticta, Isoptery<^ium fernandezianum, Rha- 

 phidostegium Masafuerae and caespitosoidcs, Rigodium Looseri. 



I). Non-endemic (6): Campylo{:)us areodictyon, Mielichhoferia longiseta, Anacolia 

 subsessilis, Lepyrodon tomentosus, Porothamnium fasciculatum, Rhaphidostegium 

 caespitosum. 



IV. West Pacific element. — 13 (10.8%). 



Endemic s{:)ecies, allied to S.W. Pacific species (Australia, Tasmania, New Zea- 

 land etc.) but, as far as known, not to S. American species: Macromitrium fer- 

 nandezianum and Masafuerae, Cyptodon crassinervis.Distichophyllumsubelimbatum 

 and assimile, Thamnium rigidum, latinerve, Caroli, Ingae, crassinervium, probosci- 

 deum, assimile and confertum. 



V. Atlantic element. — 3 {2.5 %). 



a. Endemic: Fissidens crassicuspes. 



b. Not endemic: Trichostomum brachydontium, Campylopus polytrichoides. 



Endemic species of unknown position: Dicranella costata, Campylopus aberrans 

 and blindioides, Fissidens fernandezianus, Grimmia phyllorhizans, Ptychomitrium 

 fernandezianum, Macromitrium saxatile, Bartramia fernandeziana, Breutelia Masa- 

 fuerae, Neckera rotundata, Rhaphidostegium brachycladulum. 



The dominance of a South American element is self-evident; groups I to III 

 make up 86.7 %. It is hard to draw a line between I and II; the Magellanian species 

 are supposed to have come from the far south, and theirs is a more southern area, 

 but many of the species referred \.o I b may have had the same history though, 

 at present, they do not reach so far south. 



The Atlantic element is artificial. Fissidens crassicuspes \s, if Brotiierus is right, 

 related to a species that has its nearest station on Madeira, but the genus is a very 

 large one, and another connection may be found. Campylopus polytrichoides is an 

 Atlantic species with its nearest locality on Madeira; its presence on Masatierra 

 is indeed surprising. TricJiostojnum brachydontiiini is scattered over half the globe, 

 with its nearest stations in Macaronesia, but it extends not only to and beyond 

 the Mediterranean region, but turns up on the island of Reunion, in Japan and 

 on New Zealand. Have we to do with isolated remnants of a once more continuous 

 area, or is it still to be discovered in other places.^ Is it a bipolar species.? 



