26o C. SKOTTSBERG 



Tuva MA (who divided my section Eusania/wn in 2 and referred the Hawaiian 

 Eusantala to a separate section Solemvithns), Eiisantahim s. str. is the largest with 9 

 species, SoleJianthus and sect. Hawaiiensia (together 8) confined to Hawaii (incl. Lay- 

 san), and sect. Polynesica (2, with varieties) to Polynesia; in this section the extinct 

 S. fernandeziamini occupies a rather independent position. "Aber woher kam der 

 fremdartige Eremit Santalum.-" BiRGER [41. 22) exclaims, "zweifelsohne fern aus 

 ostindischen ]\Ieeren, wo die Wiege seines altberiihmten Geschlechtes steht" — 

 nothing could give a wronger idea of the history of the sandalwoods, because 

 everything points toward Antarctica as their cradle. There are related endemic 

 genera in Australia, Mida in New Zealand, Exocarpus ranges from Australia across 

 Polynesia to Hawaii, and several endemic genera are at home in temperate S. 

 America {Arjona, lodina, Ouidia, Qumchamaliuni, and Xanodea in the extreme 

 south and in the Falkland Is.); one is tempted to regard the family as of Antarctic 

 ancestry, but with Thesiuni in mind it might be safer to speak of a special 

 Antarcto-tertiary centre. 



The 3 endemic species of Chenopodhim were commented upon above (p. 204). 

 In general appearance they are very like the Hawaiian oahucjise but the special- 

 ist opines that they are not nearly related to this nor to other species. I can find 

 no better place for them than in a neotropical group. 



Salicornia friiticosa^ taken in a wide sense, is a thalassochorous plant scattered 

 along tropical and subtropical coasts; the same is the case with Tetragoma ex- 

 pansa in the .S. hemisphere, but while Salicornia is a world-wide genus, Tetra- 

 gonia has a stronghold in South Africa and several endemic species in Chile. 



SpergiUaria is a wide-ranging, but mainly boreal genus with a vigorous branch 

 in Andean America but absent from Australia, New Zealand and Oceania. The 

 2 island species, of which S. confertiflora is also found on San Ambrosio, are 

 closely related to Chilean species. Paro7iychia has about the same distribution 

 pattern as Spergularia, but is poorly represented in S. America. 



Ramtnculus capraruin. A very large essentially boreal-temperate genus with 

 well-stocked branches in S. America and on New Zealand. The Masafueran en- 

 demic stands apart from its American congeners and approaches certain New Zea- 

 land species, perhaps also the Hawaiian ones. An Antarctic migration route seems 

 probable. 



Berberis corymbosa and masafuera^ia belong to a small section confined to 

 the tropical Andes and not extending to Chile, where we have many other spe- 

 cies. The present area of the Berberidaceae testifies to its Arcto-tertiar}- charac- 

 ter; it centres in E. and S. Asia and ranges far south only in America, where 3 

 species reach Fuegia. 



Of the six genera of Winteraceae (.?5^?), Bubbia has 2 species in Australia, 

 I on Lord Howe I., 8 in New Caledonia and 19 in New Guinea, Bellioluin 4 

 in New Caledonia and 4 in the Solomon Is., Psetidowirttera 2 in New Zealand, 

 Exospermwn 2 and Zygogymun 6 in New Caledonia, and Driinys 6 in Australia 

 {i also in Tasmania), 29 in New Guinea and i on Borneo, Celebes and in the 

 Philippines, all these belonging to sect. Tasmania; the other section, Eiidriniys, 

 is American with 4 species, D. confertifolia endemic in Juan Fernandez. This sec- 



