DERIVATION OF THE FLORA AND FAUNA 417 



Chapter XV. 

 Composition, distribution and relationships of the Fauna. 



Indigenous vertebrates, birds excepted, lackinj^. The principal occupation in 

 the island is farming, cattle and sheep are plentiful and roam over the island 

 which, with the exception of outlying rock's, has lost its primitiveness. As a con- 

 sequence of the changes in the plant cover, particularly the extermination of the 

 indigenous trees, also the fauna was impoverished, while through the introduction 

 of useful plants, numerous weeds and all kinds of goods many foreign insects 

 and other in\ertebrates made their appearance, as the lists below will show. As 

 little research work has been done hitherto, many more species will probably be 

 found, indigenous as well as introduced. 



Aves (//j). 



Sterna liDiata Peale. Molucc, Polyn., Fiji, Hawaii. 



Anoiis stolidus (L.) miicolor Xordmann. Sala y Gomez. The typical species 

 trop.-subtrop., but not observed on the coast of America. 



Procclsterua cocrulca (Benn.) skottshergi Loennb. T}'pical coernlca on Christmas 

 I., 4 other subspecies scattered over the Pacific. 



Gygis alba (Sparrm.) royana Matthews. With the typical species wide-spread 

 trop. 



Pterodi'oma Jieraldica ^di\\\x\ paschae Loennb. The typical species S.\\'. Pacific. 



Sula cyanops (Sundev.). Trop. seas throughout the world. 



According to the natives some other sea birds occur, but there are no land 

 birds. 



Oligochaeta {i8i). 



PJierctina califormca (Kbg). Introduced. Reported from Calif., Mex., Madeira 

 and Lower Egypt. 



Araneida [22). 



Scytodes liigiihris Thorell. Burma, N. Caled., perhaps all over Oceania. 



Pholcus pJialangioides Fuessli. Eur., now spread over a large part of the globe. 



Theridium tepidarioruDi C. Koch. Cosmop. 



+ Tetragiiata Pascliae Berland. A large cosmop. genus. 



CorvDia cetrata Simon. X. Caled. 



Hasarhis Adansoni Audouin. Cosmop. 



Plexippus Paykidli Audouin. Cosmop. 



Possibly all the spiders are adventitious (Berland I.e.). Two species were 

 determined as to genus only. 



-7 ~ 557857 The Xat. His', of Juan Fernandez and Easter Isl. Vol. I 



