CANADIAN FILICINE/E. 203 



the latter as well as their stalks being the shorter and more decidedly evergreen. Root- 

 stock stout, creeping, chaffy, and covered with old stalk-bases ; stalks shorter than the 

 fronds, chaffy especially near the base ; fronds erect, smooth (or with a little chaff on the 

 rachis), linear-oblong or lanceolate, 9 inches to 2 feet long by 3 to 7 inches wide, and pin- 

 nate ; pinna; triangular-oblong or the lowest nearly triangular, mostly very short-stalked, 

 and deeply pinnatifid ; pinnules oblong, very obtuse, finely serrate or cut-toothed ; sori 

 large, often confluent, placed as near the midvein as the margin ; indusia smooth. 



Occasionally fronds are seen broadest in the upper third, giving them an oblanceolate 

 appearance; and a form found at London, Ont., differs in having the sori small (about half 

 the size commonly seen) and being less coriaceous in texture. 



Var. Clintonianum, D. C. Eaton, is distinguished chiefly by its greater size and more 

 numerous pinnae and segments. Fronds 2\ to 4 feet long by 8 to 12 inches wide ; pinnae 

 oblong-lanceolate, broadest at the base, deeply pinnatifid ; segments serrate or cut-toothed, 

 or the basal ones sometimes pinnately lobed ; sori near the midvein. This, which is pro- 

 bably the form referred to by D. R. McCord in Can. Nat., Vol. I, p. 358, is sometimes mis- 

 taken for A. Goldianum, but differs in having the fertile fronds narrower, and all the 

 pinmr broadest at the base instead of in the middle. 



A. cristatum is found in the Eastern Provinces, and passes westward through the 

 wooded country, without a break, to the Rocky Mountains, while northward it is known 

 to extend as far as Great Slave Lake. Common in Nova Scotia. — Ball and McKay. Not 

 very common in New Brunswick. — Foivlcr. Not uncommon in Quebec. — D 'Urban, Pro- 

 vancfier, J. Bell, McCord, etc. Local but not rare in Ontario. — Macoun, Maclagan, Billings, 

 Fletcher, Burgess, etc. Porcupine Mountains, Man. — Macoun. Saskatchewan, N. W. Ter. — 

 Richardson. Lake Winnipeg and Slave River, N. W. Ter. — Eaton. Var. Clintonianum. A 

 form, probably this, found in Chatham Tp., Argenteuil Co., Que. — D. R. McCord. Border 

 of woods, Alva Farm, Knowlton, Que., and Dow's Swamp, Ottawa, Ont. — J. Fletcher. 

 Black ash swamps, Belleville, Ont. — Macoun. Swamps, London, Ont. — Burgess. Owen 

 Sound, Ont. — Mrs. Roy. 



4. — A. Goldianum, Hook., (Goldie's Wood-Fern), Gray, Man., 666. Provancher, Flor. 

 Can., 718. Macoun's Cat., No. 231*7. Eaton, Ferns of N. A., I, 305. Underwood, Our 

 Nat. Ferns, etc, 106. 



A. Filix-mas, Pursh. 



Lastrea Goldiana, Presl , Lawson, Can. Nat, I, 282. 



Nephrodium Goldianum, Hook, and Grev. 



Dryopteris Goldiana, Gr. 



One of our largest and most stately ferns, growing in low, rich woods and deep, rocky 

 ravines, and varying from 1^ to 4 feet high, or even higher. The fronds staud in a crown, 

 the sterile generally somewhat the smaller, and, though firm iu texture, are non-evergreen. 

 Rootstock stout, creeping or ascending, chaffy, and covered with old stalk-bases; stalks 

 stout, shorter than the fronds, green when fresh but straw-colour when dry, and chaffy ; 

 fronds erect, broadly ovate or the fertile oblong-ovate in outline, 9 inches to 3 feet long 

 by 6 to 15 inches wide, smooth except for a little chaff on the rachis, bright green above 

 but paler beneath, and pinnate ; pinnae oblong-lanceolate, the lower ones usually broadest 

 in the middle, and very deeply pinnatifid ; segments oblong-linear, generally somewhat 



