1885.] DR. ST. G. MlVART ON THE ARCTOIDEA. 391 



There is a very faintly marked external cingulum and a very strong 

 internal one. The second true molar has four cusps. Of these the 

 two outer are the stronger pair, while the inner pair are more pro- 

 longed antero-posterioily. There is a trace of an external cingulum. 

 Tlie internal cinjjulum is strongly developed. There is an elongated 

 talon supporting irregular prominences somewhat like those found in 

 Ailuropus. 



The fourth lower premolar has one cusp, to which a small keel is 

 annexed. The first molar is quinquecuspidate — one anterior, then 

 two principal cusps (one within and the other without), followed by 

 two cusps, side by side, on the heel. The second molar has four 

 cusps (a pair external and a pair internal opposite each other), with 

 one transverse ridge in front of the anterior pair, and another behind 

 the posterior pair. The third lower molar is a rounded tooth, the 

 crown of which has an irregular punctional surface very like that 

 found on the molars of Ailuropus. 



The thyroid cartilage is very sti-ongly notched below medianly. 



The tongue has a well-developed lytta\ and is covered with small 

 conical papillae, amongst which larger fungiform papillae are scat- 

 tered. There are five circumvallate papillae, forming a V-shaped 

 patch as usual. The papillae are larger in front of this patch. 

 Behind it are flattened papillae which have the form of large conical 

 cones. The kidney is lobulated, each lobe being a small kidney in 

 itself with one mamilla. 



The brain ^ is richly convoluted. The Sylvian fissure is exceed- 

 ingly long and exceedingly oblique. The sagittal gyrus is especially 

 complicated, expanding greatly in front, and tends to be divided 

 into two longitudinally. The parietal gyrus is simple and single. 

 The Sylvian gyrus has its anterior limb exceedingly slender. The 

 Ursine lozenge here attains its maximum of size and distinctness. 

 The calloso-marginal and crucial sulci are separated by a continua- 

 tion of the hippocampal gyms forwards and upwards into the sagittal 

 gyrus behind the crucial sulcus. 



Melursus ^. — This curious Indian species has an elongated 

 snout which resembles that of Mtjdaus. It is naked, and has 

 no median groove whatever. It has very extensile lips, and very 

 elongated and curved blunt claws. 



There are 15 dorsal, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 11 caudal vertebrae. 



The relative length of the skull is at its maximum amongst Carni- 



* Cuvier, Le90ns d'Anat. Comp. tome iv. l''^ partie, p. .553. 



» See I. c. p. 19, fig. 8. 



' Urstis lahiatus, Desin. Mam. p. 166 ; Foster, Syn. Mam. p. 144 ; Hodgson, 



J. A. S. B. i. p. 340, X. p. 910 ; P. Z. S. 1834, p. 9 ; Calcutta Journ. N.H. iv. 



p. 288; Wagner, Supp. ii. p. 148; P. Gervais, Mam. ii. p. 18. 

 Ursns longirosfris, Tiedemann, Abli. iiber das vermeintl. barenart. Faulthier, 



1820 ; Eeichenbaeh, N. A. Nat. Cur. xiii. i. p. 323, pi. xv. 

 Bradyptis urmius, Shaw, Zool. i. p. 1.59, pi. xlvii. 

 Prochilus nrsinus, Illiger, Prod. p. 109. 

 Melursus labiatus, Meyer, Gray, P. Z. S. 18(i4, p. fi99 ; Cat. Carniv. Brit. Mus. 



p. 237. 

 Ursus labiatus, De Blaiuville, Osteog. 



26* 



