38 Flora of the Palouse Region 



C- amplifolia Boott. Culms about 2 m. tall, smooth: leaves flat, 12-20 

 mm. broad, longer than the stem; bracts very large, the lower over-topping 

 the culm: spikes 5-7, the uppermost staminate, 5-8 cm. long: pistillate spikes 

 narrowly cylindrical, straight or curved, 6-10 cm. long, dark olivaceous, 

 the lower ones long peduncled: perigynium sub globose, glabrous, the beak 

 with an oblique entire orifice; scales purple with a green midrib: stigmas 3. 

 Along streams in woods, Thatuna Hills. 



C. monile var. paeifica Bailey. Culms 30-50 cm. tall, rather slender: 

 leaves pale, flat, 3-5 mm. wide, shorter than the stem, more or less nodose, 

 reticulate; lower sheaths fibrose margined: inflorescence of from 3-6 spikes, 

 overtopped by the long bracts: staminate spikes 1-3, 2-4 cm. long, some- 

 times pistillate at top: pistillate spikes usually 3, yellow, 3-5 cm. long, short- 

 stalked or sessile: perigynia 7-8 mm. long, ovate, turgid, strongly nerved, 

 with a stout 2-toothed beak; scales pale, acuminate, much shorter: stigmas 

 3. Wet places, quite common. 



C. aurea Nuit. Culms loosely tufted, from long horizontal rootstocks, 10- 

 30 cm. high: leaves flat, pale green, 3-4 mm. wide, usually overtopping the 

 stems: spikes 3-6, the uppermost staminate and linear, or rarely androgynous, 

 the rest pistillate, narrowly cylindrical, loosely flowered, 1-3 cm. long, all 

 stalked; bracts mostly exceeding the stem: perigynia globose, very minutely 

 beaked, reddish when mature, strongly nerved: stigmas 2 or rarely 3. Union 

 Flat, rare. 



C. rigida var. strictiformis Bailey. Culms tufted, slender, 15-40 cm. tall, 

 erect: leaves numerous, flat, 2-3 mm. wide, commonly as long as the stem, 

 sometimes longer: spikes 4-15, the bracts commonly exceeding the stem: 

 staminate spike usually single, slender, purplish: pistillate spikes 3-many, 

 mostly sessile or nearly so, greenish, dense, 2-4 cm. long, 3 mm. thick: 

 perigynia promptly deciduous, 2 mm. long, smooth, flattened, 3-4-nerved on 

 the outer face, stipitate at base, short-beaked, the beak bidentate: 

 scales green with purple margins, obtusish, shorter than the perigynia: stig 

 mas 2. Inundated banks of the Palouse River at Pullman. 



C, nebrascensis Dewey. Culms .5-1 m. tall from stout horizontal root- 

 stocks: leaves pale, 5-10 mm. broad, shorter than the stems: inflorescence of 

 from 3-6 spikes, these sessile or nearly so: bracts foliaceous, usually exceed- 

 ing the stems: staminate spikes 1-3: pistillate spikes 2-3, cyliudric, dense, 

 2-3 cm. long, about 6 mm. thick: perigynia oval or obovate, brownish, res- 

 inous-dotted, short-beaked, the beak bidentate: scales purple with a green 

 midrib, usually shorter than the perigynia: stigmas 2. Wet places, frequent. 



Family 14. JUNCACEAE. 



Perennial, grass-like, usually tufted herbs: inflorescence a com- 

 pound panicle, corymb or umbel, (rarely reduced to a single 

 flower) bearing its flowers singly or loosely clustered or aggre- 

 gated into spikes or heads: flowers small, regular, with or without 

 bractlets: perianth 6-parted, the parts glumaceous; stamens 3 or 6 

 (rarely 4 or 5): pistil superior, tricarpellary; ovary one-celled or 

 3-celled; ovules 3-many; stigmas 3: fruit a loculicidal capsule; 

 seeds 3-many, small. 



