Flora of the Palonse Region 1 3 T 



tubes large and solitary in the intervals, 2-6 on the commissural 

 side: seed dorsally flattened, more or less longitudinally grooved 

 beneath the oil-tubes, the face plane or slightly concave. 



C. gairdneri Gray. Stems erect, slender, 30-100 cm. tall, simple or 

 branched above: roots fusiform, clustered: leaves few, mostly pinnate, with 

 3-7 linear leaflets, 5-15 cm. long, the lowermost rarely bipinnate, the upper 

 simple: umbels 6-15-rayed, the rays 2-4 cm. long: involucels linear, acum- 

 inate: fruit subglobose, flattened, 1-2 mm. long, with small calyx-teeth. 

 Common in low meadows. Roots edible. 



216. CICUTA. 



Smooth poisonous marsh perennials: leaves pinnately compound; 

 leaflets serrate: involucre of few bracts or none: involucels of sev- 

 eral slender bractlets: flowers white: calyx-teeth rather prominent: 

 stylopodium low, sometimes low-conical: fruit flattened laterally, 

 oblong to orbicular, glabrous; carpels with strong flattish corky 

 ribs, the lateral largest, at least in section; oil-tubes solitary in the 

 intervals, two on the commissural side; seed nearly terete or 

 somewhat dorsally flattened with face from plane to slightly con- 

 cave. 



C. OCCldentalis Greene. Stout, 60-90 cm. high, glabrous or nearly so: 

 rootstock short and thick: leaves twice-pinnate; the leaflets lanceolate, 

 sharply serrate, acute, short-petioled, thickish, conspicuously veined: fruit 

 oblong, 3-4 mm. long. Moist places, not rare. 



Family 56. CORNACEAE. 



Trees or shrubs, rarely herbs: leaves simple, alternate, opposite 

 or whorled: flowers regular, perfect, polygamous or dioecious, in 

 cymes heads or spikes: calyx-tube coherent with the ovary: petals 

 and stamens 4, on the margin of an hypogynous disk in the per- 

 fect flowers: style 1; ovary 1-2-celled, with one ovule in each cell: 

 fruit a 1-2-seeded drupe or berry; endosperm hard. 



217. CORNUS. 



Woody herbs or shrubs (in ours): leaves opposite or whorled, 

 entire: flowers perfect, in a cyme or head-like cluster: calyx 

 minutely 4-toothed: petals 4, oblong or ovate: stamens 4, with 

 slender filaments: style 1: drupe ovoid or oblong, with a 2-celled 

 2 -seeded stone. 



Flowers in involucrate heads: low herbs. C. canadensis. 



Flowers in cymes: large shrubs. C. STolonifkra. 



C- canadensis L. Perennial herb, 10-20 cm. high, the rootstock s woody: 

 stems scaly below, bearing a false whorl of 4-6 leaves above and sometimes 

 a pair near the middle: leaves ovate or oblong, acute or acuminate, narrow- 



