1 68 Flora of the Palouse Region 



G. trifidum L. Perennial, with slender rootstocks, ascending, the stems 

 very weak and slender, 15-20 cm. high, retrosely scabrous on the angles: 

 leaves in fours, linear, obtuse, 5-10 cm. long, scabrous on the margins and 

 midribs: peduncles axillary or terminal, recurved, mostly 1 -flowered: flowers 

 very small, white, the parts often in threes: fruit glabrous. In swales, Pull- 

 man, rare. 



G. asperrimum Gray. Perennial, the weak reclining stems 30-120 cm. 

 long, retrosely-hispid on the angles: leaves in sixes or on the smaller branches 

 in fives or fours, i-nerved, narrowly oblong or lanceolate, cuspidate, shining 

 above, retrosely hispid on the midribs and margins, 1-3 cm. long: cymes 

 loosely few-flowered, forming very large leafy panicles: peduncles and pedi- 

 cels very slender: corolla white: fruit about 2 mm. broad, roughened with 

 short tubercles. Plentiful in moist copses. 



G. aparine L- Annual, the stems weak and reclining, retrosely prickly 

 on the angles, 30-120 cm. long: leaves in whorls of 6-8, linear or linear-spat- 

 ulate, mostly cuspidate, more or less retrosely-hispid, especially on the mar- 

 gins and midribs, 5-8 cm. long: pedicels from the upper axils or terminal, 

 bearing solitary flowers: fruit on erect pedicels, densely hispid with some- 

 what hooked bristles, 3-4 mm. broad. 



var vaillantii Koch. Smaller in every way, the stems 10-30 cm. high, 

 mostly erect: leaves 1-2 cm. long: flowers more numerous: fruit about 2 mm. 

 broad. 



The variety occurs in dry woods in the Thatuua Hills. The species is not 

 common within our limits. 



Family 73. CAPRIFOUACEAE. 



Shrubs or rarely herbs: leaves opposite, without genuine stip- 

 ules: flowers perfect, generally in cymes: calyx-tube adherent to 

 the ovary: corolla gamopetalous, tubular or rotate, 4 5 -cleft, some- 

 times irregular: stamens distinct, as many as the corolla-lobes, 

 rarely fewer: ovary 2-5-celled, or not rarely i-celled; ovules soli- 

 tary or several: endosperm fleshy. 



Corolla rotate or urn-shaped, regular. 



Leaves pinnate. 280. SAMBUCUS. 



Leaves simple. 281. VIBURNUM. 



Corolla tubular or bell-shaped, often irregular, sometimes 2-lipped. 

 Herbs. 282. lixxaea. 



Shrubs or woody vines. 



Corolla regular or nearly so. 283. SYMPHORICARPOS. 



Corolla more or less irregular, commonly 2-lipped. 



284. EOXICERA. 



280. SAMBUCUS. 



Shrubs or trees: leaves opposite, pinnate; leaflets serrate or lac- 

 iniate: flowers small, white, numerous, in compound cymes: calyx- 

 lobes minute or obsolete: corolla gamopetalous, open urn-shaped, 

 5-cleft; lobes broadly spreading: stamens 5, distinct: stigmas 3: 

 fruits of berry-like drupes with 3-5 nutlets, each with one seed. 



