Flora of the Palouse Region 1 7 1 



ecious, in panicled or clustered cymes: calyx-tube coherent with 

 the ovary: corolla gamopetalous, tubular or fuunelform, often irreg- 

 ular, 3-5-cleft: stamens distinct, 13, fewer than the corolla-lobes, 

 epipetalous: ovary inferior, with one fertile i-ovuled cell and two 

 abortive or empt) - ones: fruit indehiscent: endosperm none. 



Tall perennial herbs. 2X5. VALERIANA. 



Low annual herbs. 2S6. valeriaxki.i.a. 



285. VALERIANA. 



Tall perennial herbs, with strong-scented thickened roots: leaves 

 simple or pinnate: calyx-lobes of several plumose bristles (pappus) 

 which are rolled inward in flower but which unroll as the fruit 

 matures: corolla commonly gibbous near the base, 5-lobed, nearly 

 regular: stamens 3: abortive cell of the ovary small or obscure, 

 obliterated in the akene-like fruit which is therefore 1 -celled. 



V. edulis NTutt. Perennial from a stout tap-root: stems erect, smooth, 

 40-90 cm. high: basal leaves tufted, petioled, spatulate or oblanceolate, 

 entire or pinnately parted into 3-5 narrow lobes, puberulent or glabrous, 

 usually finely ciliate, 10-40 cm. long: cauline 1-3 pairs, sessile or nearly so, 

 pinnately parted into linear or lanceolate segments, the upper much re- 

 duced: flowers greenish-yellow, polygamo-dioecious, sessile, in small cymes 

 which are arranged in large loose panicles: fruit ovate, puberulent or glab- 

 rous, 2-3 mm. long. Low ground, common, rank-smelling. 



286. VALERIANELLA. 



Low annual dichotomously branched herbs: leaves tender, rather 

 succulent: flowers small, bracted, whitish, cymosely clustered: 

 calyx merely toothed or teeth obsolete: corolla funnelform, mani- 

 festly or obscurely 2-lipped: stamens 3, rarely 2: fruit 1 -celled, 

 1 -seeded. 



V. macrocera Gray. Annual, erect, simple or loosely branched, 10-30 

 cm. high, wholly glabrous: leaves only a few pairs, sessile, oblong or oblong- 

 obovate, entire, 1-3 cm. long: flowers pink, in a terminal globose or oblong 

 head or in several whorled clusters: corolla 4 mm. long, the spur one-halt 

 as long as the tube or longer, frequently adnate to it; lobes nearly equal, 

 rounded: fruit glabrous or puberulent, deep-saucer-shaped, 2 mm. long. 

 Stony hillsides, common. 



Family 75. CAMPANULACEAE. 



Herbs, with milky juice: leaves alternate, without stipules: flow- 

 ers regular, generally blue, showy, scattered: calyx adherent to 

 the ovary: corolla regular, 5-lobed, bell-shaped: stamens 5, usually 

 free from the corolla and distinct: style 1, the upper portion pro- 

 vided with pollen-collecting hairs; stigmas 2 or more; ovary 2 5- 



