178 Flora of the Palouse Region 



M. nutans Gray. Perennial, from one or more fusiform tubers, simple or 

 branched, puberulent or glabrous, 10-40 cm. high: leaves 10-20 cm. long, 

 lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, rarely oval, sometimes entire, usually lacini- 

 ate-pinnatifid into numerous linear lobes: peduncles stout and elongated: 

 heads 8-so-flowered: involucre oblong or turbinate-campanulate, 2 cm. long, 

 the larger 8-10 bracts lanceolate, attenuate-acuminate: pappus of 15-20 soft 

 white plumose bristles, broadened at base, as long as the columnar akenes. 

 Common on hillsides. 



M- linearifolia Gray (M. macrochaeta Gray.) Annual, branched at the 

 base, 15-40 cm. high: leaves lanceolate, 10-15 cm. long, mostly pinnatifid 

 into linear lobes, loosely pubescent when young, becoming glabrous: pedun- 

 cles stout, glabrous, striate-groved : involucre cylindric, 2.5-3 cm. high, glab- 

 rous, the bracts of two lengths, lanceolate, acuminate; akenes fusiform, at- 

 tenuate upwards, 10-12 mm. long; pappus silvery, as long as the akenes, 

 consisting of five linear scales, abruptly terminating in shorter awns. In 

 loose rocks, banks of Snake River. M. macrochaeta is the same thing, 

 founded on immature specimens in which the awn is relatively longer, as 

 the base develops later. 



294. STEPHANOMERIA. 



Leafy-stemmed and branching herbs, with milky juice and 

 small heads: flowers pink or white: receptacle without chaff or 

 bristles: pappus of plumose or partly plumose bristles or rarely 

 chaffy awns or narrow scales: corollas all ligulate; akenes short, 

 truncate at both ends, about 5-ribbed or angled. 



S. paniculata Nutt. Annual, erect, divaricately branched, 40-80 cm. 

 high: leaves linear, sessile, entire or the lower ones pinnatifid, 2-6 cm. long, 

 or much reduced on the flowering branches: heads 3-8-flowered, numerous, 

 in loose panicles, short-pedicelled: involucre 8-9 mm. long, the outer scales 

 very short: receptacle naked: akenes roughened, 4-5 mm. long: pappus gray- 

 ish-brown, of 15-25 bristles, plumose nearly to the broadened base, a little 

 longer than the akene. Bluffs of Snake River. 



295. TRAGOPOGON. 



Stout leafy-stemmed and usually branching biennials or peren- 

 nials, with milky juice: leaves entire, grass-like, clasping: flowers 

 yellow or purple, in large solitar)' heads: involucre simple, of sev- 

 eral equal bracts: pappus of numerous long-plumose bristles: cor- 

 ollas all ligulate: akenes narrowly fusiform, 5-10-ribbed, long- 

 beaked. 



T. porrifolius L- Biennial, glabrous throughout, the stout stems about 1 

 111. high: leaves lanceolate, attenuate from the broader somewhat clasping 

 base, 10-15 cm. long: peduncles long and stout, swollen under the head: in- 

 volucral bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 4-5 cm. long, exceeding the violet 

 rays: outer akenes roughened, the inner smooth, 1 cm. long, attenuate into 

 a beak of equal length: pappus brownish, as long as the beak, plumose nearly 

 to the tip. Escaped from gardens and spreading. 



