226 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 34 
ILLusTRAtTIONS: Curt. Fl. Lond. 6: pl. 61 [2: pl. 177]; Engl. Bot. pl. 758; Fl. Dan. pl. 737; 
Sv. Bot. pl. 74; Schrank, Fl. Monac. pl. 9; Hayne, Arzn. Gew. 9: pl. 45; Woody. Med. Bot. fl. 
15; Reichenb. Ic. Fl. Germ. 16: pl. 1026; Coste, Fl. Fr. f. 1979; Fl. Deuts. ed. 5. pl. 3027; Britt. 
& Brown, Ill. Fl. f. 3983; ed. 2. f. 4553. 
21. Achillea ligustica All. Fl. Ped. 1: 181. 1785. 
A robust perennial, with a short creeping rootstock; stem 2—8 dm. high, erect, sparingly 
villous or puberulent, simple, or branched above; leaves oval or ovate in outline, 2-6 cm. 
long, 1-2 cm. wide, bipinnatifid, with 6-8 pairs of primary divisions, the lower petioled, the 
upper sessile, sparingly pubescent; primary divisions ovate in outline, spreading; rachis winged, 
1—2 mm. wide; ultimate divisions lanceolate or ovate, callous-tipped; heads in rather small 
flat-topped panicles; involucre campanulate, about 4 mm. high and 3 mm. broad; bracts 
sparingly villous, keeled, the outer lance-ovate, acute, half as long as the oblong acute inner- 
most ones; margins light-brown; ray-flowers about 5; ligules nearly orbicular, 2-3 mm. long, 
usually white, obtusely lobed; disk-flowers about 20; corollas yellowish-white, sparingly glandu- 
lar-puberulent, 2.5 mm. long; achenes 1.5 mm. long, bluntly margined. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Piedmont, Italy. 
DISTRIBUTION: Nova Scotia to Massachusetts, the Catskill Mountains of New York, and 
Michigan; adventive from southern Europe. 
ILLUSTRATIONS: All. Fl. Ped. pl. 53. 2 2; Sibth. Fl. Graeca pl. 897; Reichenb. Ic. Fl. Germ. 
16: pl. 1023, III. 
22. Achillea dentifera DC. FI. Fr. 6: 485. 1815. 
A perennial, with a creeping rootstock; stem 4-8 dm. high, sulcate, villous, more or less 
branched; leaves pubescent, bipinnately divided, the lower oblanceolate, petioled, 1—-1.5 
dm. long, 1-3 cm. wide, the upper lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 5-8 em. long, 1.5-2 em. 
wide; rachis with a broad dentat® wing; primary and secondary divisions obovate, more or 
less spreading, the latter usually dentate and the teeth callous-tipped and mucronate; heads 
very numerous, in compound corymbiform panicles; involucre rounded-campanulate, about 
4 mm. high and as broad; bracts 20—25, in 4 series, villous, elliptic, rounded at the apex, with 
light-brown margins, the outer about half as long as the innermost; ray-flowers about 5; 
ligules white or pink, 2.5-3 mm. long, suborbicular, obscurely lobed; disk-flowers about 25; 
corollas yellowish-white, 2.5 mm. long; achenes 2 mm. long, narrowly margined. 
TYPE Locality: Alps in Provence and Piedmont. 
= DistTRIBuTION: Gaspé Peninsula (Quebec), Massachusetts, and New York; adventive from 
the Alps. 
ILLUSTRATION: Coste, Fl. Fr. f. 1977. 
23. Achillea multiflora Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 318. 1833. 
Achillea Plarmica Richards. in Frankl. Journey ed. 2. App. 33. 1823. Not A. Ptarmical,. 1753. 
A perennial, with a rootstock; stem usually 5-8 dm. high, suleate, sparingly villous or in 
age glabrate; leaves linear, 5-10 cm. long, 4-8 mm. wide, incised or doubly serrate, sparingly 
villous or glabrate; heads numerous, in compound corymbiform panicles; involucre rounded- 
campanulate, about 5 mm. high and broad; bracts about 25, in 4 series, sparingly villous 
or glabrate, the outer lanceolate, acute, half as long as the oblong obtuse innermost ones; 
ray-flowers 6-12; ligules white, broader than long, 1-1.2 mm. long, 2 mm. wide; disk-flowers 
25-30; corollas yellowish-white, 2.5 mm. long; achenes 2.5 mm. long, broadly wing-margined. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Wooded country as far north as Fort Franklin, British America. 
DISTRIBUTION: Manitoba to Alberta, Alaska, and the Arctic coast. 
24. Achillea Ptarmica L. Sp. Pl. 898. 1753. 
Plarmica integrifolia Gilib. Fl. Lithuan. 216. 1782. 
Achillea sylvestris S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 458. 1821. 
Plarmica vulgaris DC. Prodr. 6: 23. 1837. 
A perennial, with a creeping rootstock; stem 3-6 dm. high, erect, sulcate, branched above, 
glabrous, or pubescent above; leaves glabrous or nearly so, linear, 4-10 cm. long, 3-5 mm, 
