Part 3, 1916] CARDUACEAE: ANTHEMIDEAE 233 
inner side, smooth on the back and between the ribs; pappus-crown with two lateral dark- 
brown conspicuous lobes. 
TYPE LocaLity: Grain fields of the lower San Joaquin and Sacramento region, California. 
DistRiBpuTION: Middle California to southern Oregon. 
8. Chamomilla suffruticosa (L.) Rydberg. 
Tanacetum suffruticosum L,. Sp. Pl. 843. 1753. 
Tanacetum multiforum Thunb. Prodr. Fl. Cap. 147. 1794. 
Matricaria multiflora Fenzl; Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. 3: 166. 1864. 
A leafy annual; stem much branched, often ligneous at the base, erect or diffuse, glabrous 
or thinly pubescent, terete; leaves 2-4 cm. long, sparingly pubescent, bipinnatifid, with short 
divergent linear acute divisions; heads very numerous in leafy corymbiform panicles; involucre 
hemispheric, 3 mm. high, 5-6 mm. broad; bracts imbricate, in 3-4 series, the outer shorter, 
all elliptic and obtuse, yellowish, with white scarious margins; receptacle conic; ray-flowers 
wanting; disk-corollas yellow, 2 mm. long; tube somewhat inflated, longer than the campanu- 
late throat; lobes 4, lanceolate; achenes 1.5 mm. long; pappus a short crown. 
TyPE LocaLity: Cape of Good Hope. 
DISTRIBUTION: Oregon; adventive from South Africa. 
ILLUSTRATION: Commelin, Hort. Amst. 2: pl. 100. 
7. MATRICARIA (Tourn.) L. Sp. Pl. 891. 1753. 
Pyrethrum (Hall.) Zinn, Cat. Pl. Gott. 414. 1757. 
Dendranthema Des Moul. Act. Soc. Linn. Bordeaux 20: 561. 1859. 
Annual or perennial herbs, sometimes shrubby, never strong-scented. Leaves alternate, 
usually more or less dissected or lobed, in ours pinnately divided. Heads corymbose, radiate, 
rarely discoid. Involucre saucer-shaped to hemispheric; bracts narrow, in 2-4 series, 
somewhat imbricate. Receptacle convex, naked. Ray-flowers several, in a single series, 
pistillate and fertile; ligules linear or oblong, in our species white. Disk-flowers numerous, 
hermaphrodite and fertile; corollas cylindro-campanulate, 5-lobed, the tube and throat poorly 
differentiated. Anthers with obtuse tips. Style of the ray-flowers short-exserted, that of 
the disk-flowers included; branches of the former oblong and obtuse, of the latter short 
and with truncate tips. Achenes subcylindric, 5—10-angled or 5-10-ribbed. Pappus of both 
disk- and ray-flowers of a toothed or lobed crown. 
Type species, Matricaria Parthenium 1. 
Primary divisions of the leaves 7—21, incised-serrate; ligules 12-15 mm. long. 1. M. corymbosa. 
Primary divisions of the leaves 3-7, cleft; ligules 5-8 mm. long. 
Leaf-blades obovate or rhombic in outline; divisions also obovate, short; 
ligules usually shorter than the width of the disk. 2. M. Parthenium. 
Leaf-blades oval or elliptic in outline; divisions oblanceolate; ligules usually 
longer than the width of the disk. 3. M. praealia. 
1. Matricaria corymbosa (L.) Desr. in Lam. Encyc. 3: 734. 1791. 
Chrysanthemum corymbosum VL. Sp. Pl. 890. 1753. 
Pyrethrum corymbosum Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2. 2: 148. 1772. 
Matricaria inodora Lam. Fl. Fr. 2: 136. 1778. Not M.inodoral,. 1753. 
Leucanthemum corymbosum Gren. & Godr. Fl. Fr. 2: 145. 1850 
A perennial herb, with a short cylindric rootstock; stem erect, 5-10 dm. high, angled and 
grooved, sparingly hairy; leaves pinnatifid, sparingly hirsute, the lower long-petioled, the 
upper sessile; blades 5—20 cm. long, ovate or oval in outline; primary divisions 7-21, lanceolate 
in outline, deeply divided into 5-13 oblong serrate divisions or those of the uppermost leaves 
merely serrate; heads several, corymbose; involucre deeply saucer-shaped or hemispheric, 
5-6 mm. high, 10-12 mm. broad; bracts in about 4 series, imbricate, the outer lanceolate, the 
innermost nearly twice as long, oblong, obtuse, with light-brown scarious erose tips; ray- 
flowers 12-20; ligules white, 12-15 mm. long, 4-5 mm. wide; disk-corollas yellow, 3 mm. long, 
glandular-granuliferous, cylindro-campanulate, with 5 ascending lobes; style included; branches 
short, truncate; achenes 5-angled, 3 mm. long; pappus of a cup-shaped round-lobed crown, 
about 1 mm. long. 
Type Loca.iry: Thuringia, Germany. 
Disrrieution: Escaped from cultivation in Oregon; native of southern Europe. 
ILLUSTRATION: Reichenb. Ic. Fl. Germ. 16: pl. 993, f. II; Schrank, Fl. Monac. pl. 158; A. Dietr. 
Fi. Boruss. pl. 744; Jacq. Fl. Austr. pl. 379; Coste, Fl. Fr. f. 1945. 
