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NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 34 
2. Matricaria Parthenium L. Sp. Pl. 800. 1753. 
Matricaria odorata Lam. F1. Fr. 2: 135. 1778. 
Matricaria latifolia Gilib. F!. Lithuan. 220. 1782. 
Matricaria florida Salisb. Prodr. 203. 1796. 
Chrysanthemum Parthenium Bernh. Syst. Verz. Erfurt 145. 1800. 
Pyrethrum Parthenium Smith, Fl. Brit. 900. 1800. 
Matricaria vulgaris S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 454. 1821. 
Tanacetum Parthenium Schultz-Bip. Tanac. 55. 1844. 
Leucanthemum Parthenium Gren. & Godr. Fl. Fr. 2: 145. _ 1850. 
Dendranthema Parthenium Des Moul. Act. Soc. Linn. Bordeaux 20: 516. 1859. 
Leucanthemum odoratum Dulac, Fl. Hautes-Pyr. 504. 1867. 
A perennial herb, with a taproot; stem erect, 3-6 dm. high, puberulent or glabrate below, 
striate; leaves petioled, 4-10 cm. long, finely pilose, pinnatifid; primary divisions 3-5, obovate 
or the terminal one rhombic in outline, usually deeply cleft into crenate-dentate divisions; 
heads several or many, corymbose-paniculate; peduncles 2-7 cm. long; involucre saucer- 
shaped, 2 mm. high, 7-10 mm. broad; bracts many, in 2-3 series, only slightly imbricate, the 
outer lance-linear, acute, the inner linear-oblong, obtuse, with erose scarious tips; receptacle 
strongly convex, tubercled; ray-flowers 12-20; ligules linear or oblong, white, 5-8 mm. long, 
1.5-3 mm. wide; style-branches oblong, obtuse; disk-corollas yellow, 2 mm. long, cylindro- 
campanulate, with 5 short erect lobes and thickened tube; style-branches short, truncate, 
penicillate; achenes 1.5 mm. long, 8—10-ribbed, glabrous; pappus of a short dentate crown. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. 
DISTRIBUTION: Escaped from cultivation, adventive or naturalized from New Brunswick to 
New Jersey and Ohio, and from California to Washington; West Indies; Mexico and Central America; 
native of Europe. 
ILLUSTRATIONS: Reichenb. Ic. Fl. Germ. 16: pl. 992, f. II, III, 3, 4; Engl. Bot. pl. 1231; Baxter, 
Brit. Bot. pl. 20; Sv. Bot. pl. 285; Hayne, Arzn. Gew. 6: pl. 20; A. Dietr. Fl. Boruss. pl. 743; Fl. 
Deuts. ed. 5. pl. 3044; Coste, Fl. Fr. f. 1946; Britt. & Brown, Ill. Fl. f. 3990; ed. 2. f. 4503; Woodv. 
Med. Bot. pl. 30; Fl. Dan. pl. 674. 
3. Matricaria praealta (Vent.) Poir. in Lam. Encyc. Suppl. 3: 602. 
1814. 
Chrysanthemum praealtum Vent. Descr. Pl. Cels pl. 43. 1801. 
Pyrethrum parthenifolium Willd. Sp. Pl. 3: 2156. 1804. 
Chrysanthemum parthenifolium Pers. Syn. Pl. 2: 462. 1807. 
A perennial herb; stem erect, 3-6 dm. high, slightly pubescent when young, glabrous in ~ 
age; leaves petioled, 5-15 cm. long, sparingly and finely pilose when young, glabrate in age; 
blades oval or elliptic in outline, pinnatifid; primary divisions 3-7, oblanceolate in outline, 
acute, cleft with oblanceolate lobes; heads several, long-peduncled; involucre saucer-shaped, 
3 mm. high, 6-8 mm. broad; bracts many, in 2-3 series, straw-colored, ‘he outer slightly shorter, 
lance-linear, acute, slightly pubescent, with scarious tips; receptacle convex; ray-flowers 20-25; 
ligules oblong, white, 7-10 mm. long; disk-corollas yellow, 2.5 mm. long; achenes 1.5 mm. long, 
usually 10-ribbed, glabrous; pappus of a short entire crown. 
Type LocaLity: Garden plant, from Persian seeds. 
DISTRIBUTION: Escaped from cultivation on Vancouver Island; native of Persia, Armenia, 
and Caucasus. 
ILLUSTRATION: Vent. Hort. Cels pl. 43. 
8. LEUCANTHEMUM (Tourn.) Mill. Gard. Dict. Abr. ed. 4. 
1754. 
Perennial herbs with rootstocks. Leaves alternate, dentate or entire or in some exotic 
species pinnatifid. Heads radiate, rarely discoid, solitary, rather long-peduncled at the ends 
of the stems. Involucre saucer-shaped; bracts many, rather narrow, in 2—4 series, somewhat 
imbricate, the outer somewhat shorter. Receptacle flat or convex, naked. Ray-flowers 
10-25, in a single series, pistillate and fertile; ligules usually well-developed, white. Disk- 
flowers numerous; corollas yellow; tube usually thicker than the ovary, often slightly gibbous 
at the base, narrowed upwards, usually somewhat shorter than the elongate-funnelform 
throat; lobes 5, lanceolate. Anthers with ovate tips. Style of the ray-flowers slightly exserted, 
with short oblong branches; that of the disk-flowers included and with short branches, truncate 
