Part 3, 1916] CARDUACEAE: ANTHEMIDEAE 287 
"3. Lancisia minuta (L. f.) Rydberg. 
Hippia minutia L. f. Suppl. 389. 1781. 
Soliva pygmaea H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 4: 303. 1820. 
Gymnostyles minuia Spreng. Syst. 3: 500. 1826. 
Soliva minuta Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 2.317. 1830. 
Soliva mexicana DC. Prodr. 6: 143. 1837. 
Gymnostyles pedunculata Moc.; DC. Prodr. 6: 143, | as synonym. 1837. 
Soliva pedunculata R. & P.; Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2. 2: 609. 1841. 
Cotula pygmaea Benth. & Hook.; ; Hemsl. Biol. cae Am. Bot. 2: 230. 1881. Not Cotula pygmaea 
Poir., 1812. 
Cotula minuta Schinz, Mem. Soc. Neuchat. Sci. Nat. 5: 429. 1913. 
A low procumbent herb, probably perennial; stem 1 dm. long or less, glabrous; leaves 
pinnatifid or bipinnatifid, with oblong or oblanceolate divisions; peduncles axillary, 1-3 em. 
long; involucre 3 mm. broad; bracts 7—10, elliptic, obtuse; marginal flowers 7-10, short-pedi- 
celled; disk-flowers 4-6; marginal achenes cuneate-obovate, emarginate at the apex, 1.5 mm. 
long, glabrous; mature disk-achenes not seen. 
TYPE LocaLity: Central America. 
DIsTRIBUTION: Mexico to Bolivia. 
ILLUSTRATION: Moc. & Sessé, Calq Dess. pl. 589. 
20. SOLIVA R. & P. Prodr. Fl. Per. 113. 1794. 
Low decumbent diffusely branched annuals. Leaves alternate, pinnatifid to tripinnatifid. 
Heads sessile in the axils of the leaves, apparently discoid, heterogamous. Involucre rotate 
or saucer-shaped; bracts in 2 subequal series. Receptacle conic, naked. Marginal flowers 
(functionally ray-flowers) numerous in several series, pistillate, without corolla. Style per- 
sistent, in fruit forming a spine-like beak; branches short, oblong. Disk-flowers very few, her- 
maphrodite but sterile. Corollas tubular, cylindric, without differentiation between tube and 
throat; lobes 4. Anthers with obtuse tips. Style exserted, barely 2-lobed, truncate and 
fimbriate at the apex. Achenes flattened, not villous at the apex, bordered with very thin 
plane wings, which are produced into lanceolate cuspidate lobes at the apex. 
Type species, Soliva sessilis R. & P. 
Achenes with two broad lobes at the base. 1. S. sessilis. 
Achenes unlobed below. 2. S. daucifolia. 
1. Soliva sessilis R. & P. Prodr. Fl. Per. 113. 1794. 
Gymnostyles chilensis Spreng. Syst. 3: 500. 1826. 
A low annual; stem 1 dm. long or less, branched from the base, decumbent or creeping, 
sparingly hirsute; leaves bipinnate, with 3-7 leaflets, hirsute; primary divisions usually with 
3-cleft secondary oblanceolate lobes; involucre 6-8 mm. broad; bracts 6-8, obovate, acuminate, 
hirsute; hermaphrodite flowers few; corollas cylindric, 4-lobed, 1.5 mm. long; body of the 
achenes 3 mm. long, hispidulous, with the wing 4 mm. broad; beak 2—2.5 mm. long; wing 
glabrous, with two broad lobes at the base, produced at the apex into two lanceolate lobes at 
first somewhat incurved and with erect cuspidate tips. 
Type Locatity: Concepcion, Chile. 
DISTRIBUTION: Mississippi; (California Ds paveniie from South America. 
IntustratIon: R. & P. Prodr. Fl. Per. pl. 
2. Soliva daucifolia Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. II. 7: 403. 1841. 
A low annual; stem rarely 1.5 dm. long, diffusely branched from the base, decumbent, 
hirsute; leaves 1-2 em. long, bipinnatifid into linear, acute, entire or 3-divided segments; 
involucre 4-6 mm. broad, hirsute; bracts 8-10, obovate, acuminate; hermaphrodite flowers 
very few; corollas cylindric, 1.5 mm. long, 4-lobed; body of the achenes 3 mm, long, hirsutulous, 
with the wing 2-3 mm. broad; wings in the outer achenes very broad, in the inner ones narrower, 
entire on the sides, at the apex produced into two lanceolate at first incurved lobes, ending in a 
nearly erect cusp. 
Tyre Loca.ity: Vicinity of Santa Barbara, California. 
Distrisution: California and Oregon. 
