1889.] MR. F. E. BEDDARD ON TAPIRUS TERRESTRIS. 253 
apex of each ridge lying between two ridges of the opposite side ; in 
front of the molars these ridges are directed forwards, posteriorly 
they are directed backwards; on the right side the half ridge 
formed the fourth of the series, on the left side the fifteenth. 
The tongue has numerous fungiform papille, and, as Parker (10) 
states of the Indian Tapir, these papillz are most numerous anteriorly 
and posteriorly; a median space was entirely destitute of these 
papille, which, however, occurred along the sides of the tongue in 
this region just as abundantly. There was a distinct Mayer’s organ, 
and on a level with the anterior margin of this a transverse row of 
four circumvallate papille. 
On opening the abdominal cavity the greater part was seen to be 
occupied by the cecum and two segments of the colon; the coils of 
the small intestine were pushed away to the left side. Owen de- 
scribes ar identical arrangement in his specimen; it may therefore be 
probably regarded as typical. 
The stomach measured 21 inches round the greater curvature, it 
was 8 inches in length; the shape agreed with the figure given by 
Eudes-Deslongchamps, and with Parker’s figure (10, woodcut fig. 1) 
of the stomach of the Indian Tapir, but the two orifices (cesophageal 
and duodenal) were more closely approximated owing to the tension 
caused by the gastrohepatic ligament. The cesophageal epithelium 
was found to be prolonged some way into the interior of the stomach, 
and was recognizable by its dense white, corrugated appearance; it 
extends for a distance of about 24 inches on one side and 12 inches 
on the other side of the cesophageal opening—not so far as in the 
Rhinoceros and Horse or in the American Tapir as described by 
Owen (6); the interior of the stomach appeared to be, in fact, much 
like that of the Indian Tapir. The stomach was twisted as in Eudes- 
Deslongchamps’s figure. 
The biliary orifice was about 2 inches from the pylorus; the 
pancreatic opening opposite to it and about 1 inch from the py- 
lorus. 
The walls of the stomach at the duodenal orifice were very thick 
and furnished with several circularly arranged folds ; the commence- 
ment of the duodenum was well marked. 
The small intestine measured 27 feet in length. I could not dis- 
cover any valvule conniventes, only irregular folds which extended 
through many feet of the intestine ; their folds were in some parts so 
complex as to produce a honeycombed appearance. 
The cecum and the commencement of the large intestine are illus- 
trated in the accompanying drawing (woodcut fig. 1). This viscus 
has been already illustrated in Eudes-Deslongchamps’s memoir, but 
the figure given by him is small and in some respects incomplete. 
The general appearance of the ceecum and the colic loop is very similar 
to that of the Horse (Chauveau (2), fig. 177, p. 432) and the Rhino- 
ceros (Beddard and Treves (1), pl. xxxiv.). The small intestine is 
attached to the cecum, as in the other Perissodactyles, by a large 
anangious fold (fig. 1, 6, p. 254) extending along the small intestine 
for the distance of about 1 foot. Where the vein and artery perforate 
