252 



MR. E. B. POULTON ON THE PROTECTIVE [Mar. 1, 



Table V. 



Species and Stage. 



Imago Cucullia verbasci ... 



Imago Gonoptera Hbatrix .. 



Imago Ennomos angularia. 



Imago Amphidasis bctu- 

 laria. 



Imago Halia wavaria 



Imago Caynjptogramma bi- 

 lineata. 



Imago Chloephora prasinana 



Protective resemblance, or habits of concealment, evasion, &c. 



3. Lepidopterous 



Flight (probably) rapid: at night. At rest exceedingly well protected by a most 

 joerfect resemblance, both in shape and colour, to a splinter of wood; the 

 colours of the parts seen being rich umber-brown, shading into pale wainscot- 

 brown, and this again into the darker colour. 



Flight rather slow : at night. At rest beautifully protected by a most special 

 resemblance to a decayed red leaf with white spots of fungoid growth on it. 

 The parts seen are grey with a reddish tinge, with patclies of orange-red and 

 light grey lines, and two minute but intensely white spots on each wing. 

 Similar white marks occur on the legs, which are often partially seen at rest. 

 The effect is greatly heightened by the irregularly toothed margin of the 

 wings. The Moth appears in August and September, and hybernates, so 

 that it is in the perfect state when red and brown leaves are chiefly seen, and 

 when green leaves are mostly absent. It selects dark places in whicli to 

 hybernate — tool-houses, attics, &c. 



Flight slow : in the evening. The angulated wings are yellow with brown lines 

 and short brown streaks, and this colour and shape, together with the atti- 

 tude and the colonr of the undersides of wings (also often seen), all suggest 

 a yellow leaf in a very perfect manner, aided by the time of appearance 

 (August and September). 



Flight slow : in tlie evening. Both wings and body seen at rest, and dingy 

 white with smoky markings (the latter may suffuse the whole surface in some 

 viirieties). Although conspicuous when found at rest, it must generally be 

 concealed with care, for it is not found very commonly at rest, although 

 such an abundant Moth. The protective resemblance may be to variegated 

 lichens on rocks and trees. 



Flight not rapid : in the evening ; also easily disturbed by day. Both wings 

 seen at rest (as is usual in Geometrre), and they and the body are grey ; the 

 wings with a purplish and brownish tinge, with brown spots and streaks 

 (including the V-like mark). It is thus inconspicuous on tree-trunks &c., 

 although without any special resemblance. 



Insect conspicuous on the wing. Flight not rapid : in the evening ; also very 

 easily disturbed by day. Well concealed in thick leaves when at rest. Wings 

 and body yellow ; former with slender white and brown waved lines. A 

 variable amount of brown colouring. 



Flight rapid : in the evening. By day beautifully protected by resembling the 

 green colour of foliage ; the only parts seen (fore wings and part of body) 

 being yellowish green with three silvery lines across the wing ; these latter, 

 on the opposite wings, come together at an angle during the attitude of rest, 

 and convey the impression of leaf-veining. Moth flies in June. 



