1887.] OF THE SUBFAMILY LANGURIIDF.S. 359 



close affinity with Cerijlon, but simply was doubtful whether, with 

 Litreille, their proper ])lace was with the Erytolidie, or whetlier it 

 should be with Eiimnrphus. The opinion which has been put forward 

 that they might be very much modified Phytophaga is negatived by 

 the fact that the tarsi are five-jointed, the small fourth joint, which is 

 like a nodule at the base of the claw-joint, being closely analogous to 

 the similar joint in both the Erotylidse and Endomychidae, though 

 the alliance is greater with the former than the latter family, in which 

 there are but four joints inclusive, while in both Erotylidte and 

 Langurire there are five. 



I shall now give a summary of the characters to which I have 

 paid especial attention, and upon which this attempt at classification 

 of these Beetles is founded. 



1 . The Head. — The antennee are eleven-jointed without exception ; 

 the two basal joints are short and stout, not very different in length, 

 the third rather longer than these or succeeding joints ; the four 

 apical joints are pubescent, those preceding them either glabrous (the 

 more evoluted form as in Pachylanguria) or clothed with hairs. 



The ocular striola is a groove above the canthus or rim of the eye 

 and is of great use ; it is absent in certain genera, very distinct in 

 others, and modified in degree of fineness or in length ; in others, 

 from it in front starts a sharp ridge, forming the upper edge of the 

 socket of the antennae and bordering the epistome. This latter is 

 the part of the head immediately before the labrum, and both 

 afford some useful characters. On the occiput are frequently found 

 very minute raised ridges, or carinae, and these are the organ of 

 stridulation. Sometimes they are so obsolete that the greatest pains 

 is necessary to trace their rudiments, or more correctly their nascent 

 origins. I do not consider them of importance for classification, nor 

 even as truly generic characters. The eyes themselves are either 

 coarsely or quite finely granulated {i. e. the facets are like a cluster 

 of ocelli, or are much modified so as to approach the more highly 

 evoluted eyes with even surfaces). These give generic characters, 

 but, as in the Cleridae, do not serve for higher aggregates. 



The palpi, maxillae, labium, or raentum are not variable to any 

 great extent. The labrum varies in degree of length, but I have 

 not been able to use the trophi. 



2. The Thorax. — The pronotum is variable in shape, but does not 

 afford generic characters ; the presence of basal sulci indicates affinity 

 with both Erotylidse and Endomychidae, but is also with many of the 

 characters common in a less degree in the Phytophaga. The pro- 

 sternum and mesosternum bear a singular resemblance to those of 

 the two first-named famihes, and, as in them, afford good and 

 constant generic characters ; the reflexed edge of the pronotum has 

 no lines nor plication (such as is found in certain Malacoderms), and 

 I do not find any characters of more than specific value there. 



The metasternum with its episterna and epimera will no doubt 

 ultimately prove as valuable as the prosternum ; I regret that I 

 cannot work out the characters of this part, mainly because it cannot 

 be done properly without spoiling the specimens by dissection. 



