1887.] ANATOMY OF EARTHWORMS. 5-15 



arrangement of these papillae there is really some little difference 

 l)enveen the two species, lii tlie first place, C. rusticus has only 

 four of these dumbbell-shaped papillee, while there are five in my 

 specimen ; this is a difference which might easily be explained away 

 on the assumption that Fletcher's specimens were immature, except 

 for the fact that he lias examined a large number. Secondly, the 

 pa|)illce in C. fletcheri are restricted each to one segment, the whole 

 of the ventral area of which they occupy ; in C. rusticus, on the 

 other hand, the papillae appear to be intersegmental in position. 



The male generatice pores are upon the eigiiteenth segment and are 

 placed within the area of the ventral papillte close to the pair of 

 set£e. 



'i^he female generative pore is situated upon the fourteenth segment ; 

 it is a single slit-like orifice with tumid Hps. 



The apertures of the spermatheca as well as those of the nephridia 

 were invisible in my specimen. 



The setce appear to have the same arrangement as in C. rusticus, 

 viz. a pair of setse on either side of the ventral line moderately close 

 together and a laterally placed pair, the individual setae of which are 

 wide apart \ 



The following notes upon the internal anatomy of the species are 

 of course no more than is necessary for its adequate definition. I 

 hope to be able at some future time to work out more elaborately 

 certain points in the structure of this and other Lumbricidae. 



Alimentari/ Canal. 



The chief feature in the anatomy of the alimentary canal to which 

 I may call attention is the presence of calciferous glands ; as these 

 glands appear occasionally to be absent in Earthworms, it is 

 important to record their presence in this species. I noticed two 

 pairs of calciferous glands situated in segments 11 and 12; there 

 may have been others, but an accident prevented an examination of 

 the posterior segments. The position of the glands is somewhat 

 unusual ; instead of lying to the side of the intestine as is generally 

 the case (e. g. Acnnthodrilus, P. Z. S. 188.5, pi. lii. fig. 1), they are 

 placed l)elow the intestine, and each gland comes into close relations 

 with its fellow, separated from it, however, by the subintestinal 

 vessel, which is supported by a mesentery. 



The gizzard occupies segments 6 and 7 • 



Nephridia. 



Another structural feature of this Earthworm renders it quite im- 

 possible to confuse it with Cryptodrilus rusticus, or, for the matter 

 of that, with any other of the Australian species of Lumbricida?. 



Mr. Fletcher speaks of the nephridia as consisting of dendriform 

 masses or tufts of glandular csecal tubes, more developed in the 



^ Since this portion of my paper was written Mr. Fletcher has described 

 (Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W., Sept. 188(J) a second species of CryptodrUus 

 (C saccarim), which cannot be confounded with the specie.s described above. 

 It agrees with C. rusticus: in the characters of the uepln-idia. 



