194 PHILOSOPHICAL NOTES ON BOTANICAL SUBJECTS. 



21. Cahoniba aqimtica* and C. CaroUnariaf have peltate floating^ 

 leaves, and also submerged and dissected capillary leaves, wliich 

 are more like root-fibres or leaf veins tban anything else. 



22. Goebel (" Outlines of Classif.," p. 239) gives a drawing of 

 Salvinia nataus. The hairy submerged leaves of this plant are 

 indistinguishable from roots. He calls them submerged leaves 

 with teeth, and some of these teeth are fertile, that is, they contain 

 Bporocarps. As these submerged appendages have been called 

 leaves, at p. 244, he says " Salvinia is rootless ! " 



23. Again, in Pilularia glob^difera (p. 236), Goebel calls the 

 appendages growing upwards leaves, and those growing downwards 

 roots, but there is no difference between them. 



24. In axillary buds there are often two lateral roots and a 

 middle one. This is what happens in the germination of some seeds, 

 and is well shown in Goebel's Fig. 249, of Zamia spiralis. There is 

 a downward primary root, and an upward primary leaf. Between 

 the two there is a pair of cotyledons, or storage bud-scales, whicK 

 feed both the upward and downward appendages. Then at the 

 base of the radicle there is a pair of lateral sprouting roots. 

 Compare with this Duchartre's germination of the lily seed. 



25. In Vitis oestivalis and others, the tips of the teeth of the young- 

 leaves have an expansion similar to that of the tendril ends of 

 Ampelo'j}sis quinquefolia and Veitchii, which after^iards become 

 disks of attachment. It is, therefore, conceivable (bearing iii mind 

 the view I hold) that the expansions of the tendril ends are 

 homologous with the teeth glands of leaves. Or, in other words, the 

 branches of the tendril are homologous with the veins of the leaf^ 

 The disks would correspond to the more developed tubers at the 

 ends of the branches of Vitis Pterophora. 



If the reader of this appendix, and indeed of many other pages, 

 is not an evolutionist, and has not a vivid imagination, he will, 

 without doubt, think the notions there expressed preposterous. 



P- 

 t Le Maout and Decaisne, "Syst. of Bot.," p. 209. 



