BOTANICAL SUBJECTS. 265 



We see for instance ti fusion of bud-scales, after fertilization, 

 in the juniper. Three fleshy scales have three ovules in their 

 axillae, after fertilization the scales fuse and form, the junij)er berry 

 (Prof. Henslow's " Bot. for Begin.," p. 75). 



Every micropyle in fact is like this. The extremities of the 

 bud-scales (called primine and secundine*) nre separate. After 

 fertilization they fuse and form the intcgiunents. Of the micropyle 

 only a trace remains in the hilnm. 



The integuments of the seed may perhaps be better understood 

 by considering them homologous with the vagina of the leaf of 

 grasses, and more especially that of sedges, and some orchids, such 

 as Disa grandi flora. Imagine the axillary bud as a seed, and the 

 vagina of the leaf (when the bud develops) without its blade as 

 the primine. The secundine then is only the vagina of the leaf 

 above that again. If, in imagination, we get rid of the internode 

 between the two, we shall have one vagina within another, or the 

 secundine and primine, and the stem will be the terminal hud 

 inside both, or the nucelhis. 



Placenta. 



Now, with regard to placentation, I find the following forms 

 recognised : — 



(«.) On the margin of the carpel. This maybe parietal, where 

 two margins meet to form a suture, as in the garden pea 

 (Fig. 102) audSterculia (Fig. 103), sujDposing the carpels 



Fig. 102. Margiual placenta of l*ca poil. 



* Prohahv both are fusions of biul-scalos. 



