VEGETABLE TERATOLOGY. 
moO ha) 
DEVIATIONS FROM THE ORDINARY ARRANGEMENT 
OF ORGANS. 
As full details relating to the disposition or arrange- 
ment of the general organs of flowering plants are given 
in all the ordinary text-books, it is only necessary in 
this place to allude to the main facts at present known, 
and which serve as the standard of comparison with 
which all morphological changes are compared. 
Even in the case of the roots, which appear to 
be very irregular in their ramification, it has been 
found that, m the first instance at least, the rootlets 
or fibrils are arranged in regular order one over another, 
in acertain determinate number of vertical ranks, gene- 
rally either in two or in four, sometimes in three or in 
five series. This regularity of arrangement (Rhizotaxy), 
first carefully studied by M. Clos, is connected with 
the disposition of the fibro-vascular bundles in the 
body of the root. This primitive regularity 1s soon 
lost as the plant grows. 
In the case of the leaves there are two principal 
l 
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