SYNCARPY. A 
*Primula veris ! Fritillaria imperialis ! 
Auricula. Agave americana. 
*Primula acaulis, var. umbellata! Iris versicolor. 
elatior ? sambucina. 
* sinensis ! Crocus, sp. 
Aristolochia Clematitis. Colchicum autumnale. 
Blitum sp. Narcissus incomparabilis ! 
Chenopodium sp. Tazetta. 
Rumex sp. biflorus. 
Salix cinerea. chrysanthus. 
*Hyacinthus orientalis ! *Ophrys aranifera! 
Lilium bulbiferum! Calanthe vestita ! 
croceum, et sp. alix, pl. Oncidium bicolor. 
Tulipa, sp. ornithorhyneum. 
Polygonatum anceps. &e. &e, 
In addition to the works before cited, additional information on this 
subject may be gained from the following :—Jaeger, ‘ Missbilld.,’ p. 92. 
vy. Schlechtend, ‘ Bot. Zeit.,? 1856, Robinia. Weber, ‘ Verhandl. Nat. 
Hist. Vereins. Preuss. Rheinl.,’ 1849, p. 290, Primula. Hincks, ‘ Rep. 
Brit. Assoc. Newcastle,’ 1838, Salpiglossis. Clos, ‘Mém. Acad. Toulouse,’ 
vol. vi, 1862, Anagallis. Wigand, ‘Flora,’ 1856, tab. 8, Pedicularis. 
Henfrey, ‘ Botan. Gazette,’ 1, p. 280, Reseda. P. Reinsch, ‘ Flora,’ 1860, 
tab. 7, Petasites. Weber, ‘ Verhandl. Nat. Hist. Vereins. f. d. Preuss. 
Rheinl. u. Westphal.,’ 1860, p. 352, tabs. 6 et 7, Prunus, Persica, Campa- 
nula, Tarawacum, Savifraga, Silene, Hyacinthus, &. Miquel, ‘ Linnea,’ 
xi, p. 423, Colchicwm. Michel, ‘'Traité du Citronnier,’ tab. 6, Citrus. 
Syncarpy.—In the preceding section it has been shown 
that the carpels, like other parts of the flower, are 
subject to be united together. This union may either 
take place between the carpels of a single flower or 
between the pistils of different flowers. In the latter 
case the other floral whorls are generally more or less 
altered. Where, however, the ovary is, as it is called, 
inferior, it may happen that the pistils of different 
flowers may coalesce more or less without much altera- 
tion in the other parts of the flower, as happens 
normally in many Caprifoliacee, Rubiacee, &c. &e. 
In some of these cases it must be remembered that the 
real structure of the apparent fruit is not made out 
beyond dispute, the main points of controversy being 
as to what, if any, share the dilated fruit-stalk or axis 
takes in the formation of such organs. Again, it will 
be borne in mind that in some cases the so-called fruit 
is made up of a number of flowers all fused together, as 
in the Mulberry or the Pineapple, in which plants what 
