PAs i aa. 
INDEPENDENCE OR SEPARATION OF ORGANS. 
Unpver this head are included all those imstances 
wherein organs usually entire, or more or less united, 
are, or appear to be, spht or disunited. It thus in- 
cludes such cases as the division of an ordinarily 
entire leaf into a lobed or partite one, as well as those 
characterised by the separation of organs usually 
joined together. Union, as has been stated in a 
previous chapter, is the result either of persistent in- 
tegrity or of a junction of origmally separate organs, 
after their formation ; so in like manner, the separation 
or disjunction of parts may arise from the absence of that 
process of union which is habitual in some cases, or from 
an actual bond fide separation of parts originally united 
together. In the former case, the isolation of parts 
arises from arrest of development, while in the latter 
it is due rather to luxuriant growth. A knowledge, as 
well of the ordinary as of the unusual course, of deve- 
lopment in any particular flower is thus required in 
order to ascertain with accuracy the true nature of the 
separation of parts. The late Professor Morren' pro- 
posed the general term Monosy (uovworc) for all these 
cases of abnormal isolation, subdividing the group 
into two, as follows—l, Adesmy (a-decuse), including 
those cases where the separation is congenital ; and 
2, Dialysis (d:aAvw), comprising those instances where 
the isolation is truly a result of the separation of 
parts previously joined together. Adesmy, moreover, 
1 * Bull. Acad. Belg.,’ t. xix, part iii, 1852. p. 315. 
