DIALYSIS OF THE CARPELS. 73 
in which this separation of the petals of an ordinarily 
gamopetalous flower takes place most frequently. 
Correa. Verbaseum ! 
Campanula! sp. pl. Mimulus. 
Polemonium. Digitalis ! 
Phlox! Orobanche. 
Cobeea! Solanum. 
Rhododendron ! Nicotiana. 
Erica! Gentiana ! 
Rhodora. Anagallis. 
Azalea ! Primula! 
Composite! sp. pl. Lamium! 
Lonicera ! Convallaria ! 
Convolvulus ! Lilium ! 
Pharbitis. Colchicum ! 
Antirrhinum ! &e. &e. 
This list does not include those very numerous cases 
in which this change is associated with more or less 
complete frondescence or leafy condition of the petals. 
Dialysis of the stamens—-A similar isolation of the 
stamens occurs occasionally; for instance, when Mallows 
(Malvacew) become double, one of the first stages of 
the process is often the disjunction of the stamens, and 
a similar dissociation occurs in Leguininose and Con- 
posite, as in Tragopogon, as related by Kirschleger, 
in Hypochaeris by Wigand, and in Coreopsis by Schlech- 
tendal. 
Dialysis of the carpels—In the case of the carpels this 
disunion is more frequent than in the stamens. M. 
Seringe’ figures carpels of Diplotaxis tenwifolia more or 
less completely separated one from the other; indeed, 
this separation is very common amongst Crucifere and 
Umbellifere. 
Generally speaking, the disunion is complicated with 
frondescence—but not always so. I have, in my her- 
barium, specimens of Convallaria majalis, Commelyna 
sp., and of LInliwm auratum, mm all of which the three 
carpels are completely disjoined, and present three 
1 ‘Bull. Bot.,’ pl. i, figs. 8—12. 
