SOLUTION OF CALYX FROM PISTIL. 8] 
Campanumea they adhere to the base of the tube of the 
corolla.”! In this order, then, as in Savifragacea, 
Bruniacee, &c., no hasty seeiusion should be drawn 
as to the nature of the fruit. In Brunia microphylla 
the oyary is superior, enclosed within but not adnate 
to the cup-like calyx, to which latter, however, the 
petals and stamens are attached. 
In Onagracee (Jussieua), as also in Cactacee (Opuntia), 
buds have been observed on the surface and edges 
of the inferior ovary. Indeed, in the former genus, 
they have been produced artificially , but as buds may 
be formed on foliar as well as on axial organs, the fact 
cannot be made great use of in support either of the 
foliar or axial nature of the inferior ovary. In Kpi- 
lobium, I have met with four perfect leaves at the 
summit of the ovary, in the place usually occupied 
by the sepals. This ‘would also favour the notion that 
the axis entered into the constitution of the fruit in 
this genus. 
Mr. B. Clarke, in his ‘ New Arrangement of Phanero- 
gamous Plants,’ p. 4, cites a case wherein the perianth 
was completely detached from the surface of the ovary 
in Cannabis sativa. 
It must be borne in mind that some of the recorded 
instances of change in the relative position of the calyx 
and pistil ought more properly to be referred to a sub- 
stitution of carpels for stamens, as in Begonia, Fuchsia, 
&e. Among Cucurbitacee, examples have been re- 
corded, both of the detachment of the calyx from the 
ovary, and of the partial conversion of some of the 
anthers of the male flower to carpels. 
The very singular mode of germination of Sechiwm 
edule in which the fruit, instead of rotting, becomes 
thickened into a kind of rhizome or tuber, is a fact 
that should not be overlooked in investigating the true 
nature of the fruit in this order. 
'! Hook et Thoms, ‘ Precurs. ad Flor. Ind.,’ Journ. Linn. Soc., vol. 11, 
1858, p. 6. 
* Lindley, ‘ Veget. Kingd..’ p. 315. 
6 
