106 ALTERATION OF POSITION. 
wild celery and other Umbellifere.". I have also met 
with it in Trifolium repens, in the umbellate variety of 
the common primrose, and in the scarlet geranium. 
Engelmann cites it in Tvriticwm repens, Roéper m Hu- 
phorbia palustris.’ 
Lateral foliar prolification of the inflorescence 18 of more com- 
mon occurrence than the preceding. I have met with 
it, amongst other plants, frequently in Brassica oleracea, 
Pelargonium zonale, Scabiosa, Bellis, and many other 
composites, also in Leguminose, e.g. Lupinus, Trifolium, 
Ooronilla, &c. Prof. Oliver forwarded me a specimen 
of Huphorbia geniculata in which, m addition to other 
changes, there was a series of stalked buds bearing tufts 
of green scales, but without any trace of stamens or 
pistil; these adventitious buds occurred within the 
ordinary involucre of the plant, between it and the 
stamens. The pistil was unaffected im some cases, 
while in some others it was entirely wanting, the 
gynophore being surmounted by a cup-like involucre, 
divided into three acutely pointed lobes, each with a 
midrib ; these encircled a series of stalked involucels, as 
before, and among which were scattered a few stamens, 
some perfect, others partially frondescent. 
In a specimen of Serophularia nodosa examined by 
me one of the lateral buds on each of the cymes was 
represented, not by a flower, but by a tuft of leaves, 
the other buds being unchanged. As the inflorescence 
was much contracted in size, the appearance of the 
whole plant was greatly changed. 
Many of the instances of so-called viviparous plants, 
e.g., Polygonum viviparum, may be cited under this 
head. Many species of Alliwm, Lilium, Saxifraga, 
Begonia, Achimenes, normally produce leaf-buds or bulbs 
in the inflorescence ; so, too, leafy shoots are sometimes 
1 “Umbellati dum prolificantur, augent wmbellulam, ut ex umbellula 
simplici altera eweat.” ‘Linn. Phil. Bot.,’ § 124. 
2< En. Kuphorb.,’ p. 36. 
3 Meisner, ‘Mon. Gen. Polygoni Prodrom.,’ p. 20, tab. v, considers the 
bulbils of this plant to be modifications of the pedicels of the flower. 
