162 ALTERATION OF POSITION. 
peplus, and other species, Linaria vulgaris, some Um- 
bellifere, &e.' 
Adventitious formation of leaves —The term phyllomania 
has been vaguely applied both to the production of an 
unwonted number of leaves and to their development 
in unusual situations. Under the present heading the 
latter class of cases are alone included. The extra- 
ordinary tendency in some Begonias to develop leaves 
or leafy excrescences from their surfaces is elsewhere 
alluded to, and is, in reality, a species of hypertrophy 
or over-luxuriant growth. 
In some flowers where the inferior ovary is supposed 
to be, in part at least, formed by a dilatation of the 
top of the flower-stalk, leaves have been met with pro- 
ceeding from the surface of the ovary or fruit, as m 

Fic. 75.—Leaf proceeding from Fic. 76.—Leaves proceeding 
hip of the Rose. from the ovary of Nymphea. 
Crategus tanacetifolia, roses, pears, gooseberries, &c. 
In a specimen of Nymphea alba T have met with scale- 
like leaves projecting from the surface of the fruit (or 
torus ?), and which did not appear to be metamor- 
phosed stamens or styles (fig. 76). 
1 Reeper, ‘ Enum. Euphorb.,’ p. 19. Bernhardi, ‘ Linnea,’ vii, p. 561, 
tapes, t..1,.° Wadler, * Subcotyled. sprossbildung, ” © Flora,’ 1850, p. 
337. Hooker, ‘Trans. Linn. Soc.,’ vol. xxiv, p. 20 (Welwitschia). 
Ee 
