ADVENTITIOUS LEAVES. 165 
or any absolute increase in the number of organs, as 
in Prolification. Such a case is represented in fig. 
78, which shows a portion of the stem of a species of 
Valeriana, bearing at the summit, not an inflorescence, 
but a tuft of leaves without the slightest indication of 
flowers. 
Drs. Hooker and Thomson relate that in Northern 
India the flowers of Anemone rivularis are very generally 
absent, and their place supplied by tufts or umbels of 
leaves.’ In the collection of the late Mr. N. B. Ward 

Fie. 78.—Tuft of leaves replacing the inflorescence in a species of 
Valeriana. 
was a specimen of lupin in which the flowers were all 
absent, and their place supplied by tufts of leaves. 
A similar appearance has been noticed in Composite, 
and I owe to the kindness of Professor Oliver the com- 
munication of a specimen of a species of Bidens from 
1 « Flora Indica,’ p. 28. 
