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170 ALTERATION OF POSITION. 
In the genus Alliwm an analogous formation of little 
buds or bulbils takes place in heu of flowers; this is 
specially the case with A. vineale, the flowers of which 
are rarely seen. 
Other illustrations of a similar character, where the 
adventitious leaf-buds are mixed in amongst the flower- 
buds, are cited under the head of Prolification of the 
Inflorescence. 
Formation of buds on leaves—The formation of litle 
bulbs upon the surfaces or edges of leaves, forming 
what are called viviparous leaves, has long been familiar 
to botanists amongst Alhums. Professor Alexander 
Braun,' who has paid much attention to this subject, 
divides cases of this kind according to the position of 
the buds; thus, for instance, they are sometimes formed 
upon the upper portion of the leaf or petiole, as im 
many ferns, in Nymphea guineensis, some Arads, &e. 
The same condition has been met with as a teratological 
occurrence in the leaves of Cardamine pratensis, Hya- 
cinthus Pouzolsii, Drosera intermedia,’ Arabis pumila, 
Chelidoniwm majus, Chirita sinensis, Episcia bicolor,* 
Zamia, &e.’ Many species of Begonia possess the power 
of emitting buds from the petioles and veins of the 
leaf; the little ramenta or scales which so plentifully 
beset the surface of some of these plants hkewise, in 
some instances, pass gradually into leaves. B. phyllo- 
maniaca, Mart., is the species best known as manifest- 
ing this tendency, but others have it also.® 
‘Buds are also very often formed upon the margins 
of the leaf, the best known instance of which occurs in 
1 * Ann. Scienc. Nat.,’ vol. xiv, 1860, p. 13. 
2 Naudin, ‘ Ann. Sc. Nat.,’ 2nd ser., 1840, vol. xiv, p. 14, fig. 6, pl. i 
(Drosera). St. Hilaire, ‘Comptes Rendus,’ ix, ‘p. 437. 
3 Hance, ‘ Hook. Journ. Botany,’ 1849, vol. i, p. 141, pl. v. 
4 Booth, ‘ Gard. Chron.,’ Jan. Ist, 1855, P. 4 
: Lindley, ‘ Theory of Horticulture,’ ed. 2, p. 273. 
6 ‘Hook. Journ. of Botany,’ 1852, iv, p. ’ $06. See also the curious 
Begonia gemmipara, ‘ Hook. fil. Tllust. Himal. Plant.,’ t. xiv. 
