180 ALTERATION OF POSITION. 
summits, in the same way as the Opuntia just cited. 
P. Bleo is said, by M. Delavaud,' to present this 
anomaly as a constant occurrence. On the summit of 
the primary fruit, arising apparently from the axils of 
the sepals, or of small leafy bracts in that situation, 
are a series of fruit-like branches, which, in their turn, 
are surmounted by others, even to the fourth generation. 
The fruits of Tetragonia expansa frequently have 
attached to their side a secondary flower or fruit in 
such a position as to lead to the inference that it sprmgs 
from the upper portion of the peduncle which is dilated 
to invest the true carpels. In other instances it 1s due 
to an adhesion of the pedicel to the side of the fruit. In | 
either case the production of an adventitious bud might 
be considered as an illustration of prolification of the’ 
inflorescence, though not as was supposed by Moquin 
and others of axillary prolification.’ 
Buds have also been produced artificially on the 
surface of some of the fruits in the construction of 
which the axis is supposed to share; thus, the unripe 
fruits of some species of Lecythis were stated by Von 
Martius, at a meeting of the German Naturalists at 
Carlsruhe, to produce buds when placed in the earth. 
The fruit of these plants is probably of the same nature as 
that of the Pomacew, and Baillon® succeeded in producing 
buds on the surface of the inferior ovary of Jussica. 
Some of the cases just mentioned have been con- 
sidered to be instances of prolification of the fruit, 
but the fruit has little to do with the appearances in 
question. 
Formation of adventitious flowers and fruits within the ovary.— 
This generally arises either from substitution of a 
' «Bull. Soe. Bot. Fr., 1858, p. 685. 
2 The structure of this flower is discussed at some length in a paper 
by the author on axillary prolification. ‘Trans. Linn. Soc.,’ vol. xxiii, 
p. 486, t. liv, fig. 3. See also ‘Clos. Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr.,’ vol. v, 1855, 
p. 672. Seringe et Heyland,‘ Bull. Bot., i, p. 8. ‘Pallas Enum, Plant. 
Hort. Demidoff,’ append. e, ic. 
3 « Adansonia,’ i, 181. 
