186 ALTERATION OF POSITION. 
less split open at the distal end, indicating a tendency 
towards dialysis. The pollen-bearmg ovules were 
borne on the edges of these ovaries, and presented 
various intermediate conditions between anthers and 
ovules, commencing at the distal extremity of the 
carpel with a bi-lobed anther, and passing in series to 
the base of the ovary, an antheroid body of ovule-lke 
form, a modified ovule containing pollen, an ovule 
departing from a perfectly natural condition only in 
the development of a few grains of pollen in its nucleus, 
and, finally, a perfect, normal ovule. 
In the flowers of the Rose the stamens exhibited 
almost every conceivable gradation between their ordi- 
nary form and that of the carpels, while some of the 
ovules contained pollen in greater or less abundance. 
Speaking generally, the most common state of things 
in these flowers was the occurrence on the throat of 
the calyx, in the position ordinarily occupied by the 
stamens, and sometimes mingled with those organs, of 
twisted, ribbon-like filaments, which bore about the 
centre one or more pendulous, anatropous ovules on 
their margins. Immediately above the latter organs 
were the anther-lobes, more or less perfectly developed, 
and surmounting these a long style, terminating in a 
fringed, funnel-shaped stigma. Sometimes the ovules 
were perfect, at other times the nucleus protruded 
through the foramen, while in a third set the nucleus 
was included within the tegument, the ovules having 
in all respects their natural external conformation, con- 
taining, however, not only pollen-grains, but also a layer 
of those peculiar spheroidal cells, including a fibrous 
deposit, which are among the normal constituents of 
the anther. In one case, where the coat of the ovule 
was imperfect, and allowed the nucleus to protrude, 
the pollen was evidently contained within the central 
mass of the structure. In this instance the fibrous cells 
were not detected, these being only found in cases where 
the investment of the ovule was perfect; and hence it 
seems likely that the fibrous cells were part of the coat 
