PHYLLODY. 2A] 
elsewhere, but, under the present heading, are specially 
included cases not of merely diminished or increased, 
but of perverted development; the natural process is 
here not necessarily checked or enhanced, but it is 
changed. Hence, in the present work, the term 
metamorphy is employed to distinguish cases where 
the ordinary course of development has been perverted 
or changed. As it is applied solely for teratolo- 
gical purposes, the ordinary acceptation of the term, 
as nearly synonymous with “development,” is not 
interfered with. 
In order to avoid other possible misapprehensions, 
the terms retrograde and progressive metamorphosis 
employed by Goethe are not herein used, their place 
being, to a great extent, supplied by the more intelligible 
expressions arrest or excess of development.’ 
CHAPTER I. 
PHYLLODY. 
THis condition, wherein true leaves are substituted 
for some other organs,” must be distinguished from 
Virescence, q.v., 12 which the parts affected have 
simply the green colour of leaves, without their form 
or structure. The appearance of perfect leaves, in 
! See Goethe, ‘ Versuch. der Metam. der Pflanzen,’ 1790. English 
translation by Emily M. Cox, in Seemann’s ‘Journal of Botany,’ 
vol. i, 1863, p. 327. For a brief sketch of the origin and progress of the 
theory of vegetable morphology, prior to the publications of Wolff, 
Linné, and Goethe, as well as for an attempt to show what share each 
of these authors had in the establishment of the doctrine, the reader is 
referred to an article in the ‘ Brit. and For. Medico-Chirurgical] Review,’ 
January, 1862, entitled ‘“ Vegetable Morphology: its History and 
Present Condition,” by Maxwell T. Masters. 
2 Engelmann makes use of the word frondescence in the same cases. 
‘De Anthol.,’ p. 32, § 38, while Morren adopts the term Phyllomorphy, 
* Lobelia,’ p. 95, : 
16 
