PETALODY. 289 
flowers that have their stamens in two rows. Occa- 
sionally it happens that an outer series of stamens is 
abortive, or wholly suppressed, while the inner row 
becomes petalodic ; this was the case in some flowers 
of Lilium auwratwin lately exhibited by Messrs. Veitch. 
Those flowers in which only a portion of the stamens 
undergo this change are called semi-double, while in 
other cases that will be hereafter mentioned, not only 
are the stamens thus rendered petaloid, but their 
number is also augmented, as in most double roses, 
pinks, anemones, poppies, &c. 
In some double flowers, in which the stamens 
assume more or less completely the appearance of 
jpetals, a singular appearance is afforded by the pre- 
sence of four wing-like processes emanating from the 
central filaments, two on each side, so that the arrange- 
‘ment may be compared to two sheets of paper folded 
in the centre and adherent in that situation, though 
perfectly separate elsewhere, except sometimes at the 
top, where they form a sort of hood. This change 
results from an imperfect petalody of the anther; the 
two wings on each side of the central vascular cord 
represent the front and back walls of an anther lobe, or 
rather of that portion of the anther which, under ordi- 
nary circumstances, produces pollen. In the malformed 
flowers no pollen is formed, at least in the more com- 
plete states of the malformation, but the walls of the 
anther lobe become preternaturally enlarged, and peta- 
loid in texture and appearance. This change occurs 
in some semi-double rhododendrons and azaleas, in 
crocuses, and in a species of violet found at Mentone 
by Mr. J. T. Mogeridge. 
There are numerous intermediate forms wherein the 
wing-like processes may be traced all the way along 
the filament till they ultimately lose themselves in the 
anther-lobes, with which they become continuous. In 
some cases, as in Crocus and Rhododendron, this is 
shown even more clearly by the existence of two per- 
fect pollen-sacs or quarter-anthers, the remaining por- 
