308 METAMORPHY. 
Payer, in his ‘Organogénie,’ p. 38, mentions a 
stamen of Dionewa bearing not only an anther, but 
hkewise an ovyule. 
Sempervivum tectorum and S. montanwin have long 
been noticed as being very prone to present this change. 
Mohl’ remarks that, in the transformation of the 
stamens to the pistil in the common houseleek, the 
filament of the stamen generally preserves its form, 
the anthers alone undergoing change. At other times, 
however, the transformation takes place at the same 
time, both in the filament and in the anther. When 
the stamens are numerous some of them remain in 
their normal state, while others, and especially the 
inner ones, undergo a change. Sometimes all the 
stamens are changed simultaneously, while at other 
times some of these organs may be found in which the 
anther is partially filled with ovules, and partially with 
pollen. 
In the accompanying figures (fig. 165, a—h) a 
series of intermediate stages is shown between the 
ordinary stamen of Sempervivum tectorum and the 
ordinary carpel, from which it will be seen that the 
filament is little, if at all, affected, and that in those 
cases where there is a combination of the attributes 
of the stamen and of the pistil in the same organ the 
pollen is formed in the upper or inner surface of the 
leaf-organ, while the ovules arise from the opposite 
surface from the free edge, (b, c, d, e, f, 9). 
In a drawing made by the Rey. G. E. Smith of a mal- 
formed flower of Primula acaulis, and which the writer 
has had the opportunity of examining, the stamens are 
represented as detached from the corolla, and their 
anthers replaced by open carpels, with ovules arising, 
not only from their edges, but also from their. surfaces, 
while the apex of the carpellary leaf was drawn out 
' «Ann, Science. Nat.,’ t. viii, 1837, p. 50, and ‘Bot. Zeit.’ (R.), 1836, 
t. xix, p. 513, &. See also MM. Sourd Dussiples and G. Bergeron, 
‘Bull. Soc. Bot. France,’ viu, p. 349; Von Schmidel, ‘Icon. plant. et 
Anal. part.,’ 1782, p. 210, fig. 54. 
