CONTORTION. 317 
with an oblique form of the leaf. This state is some- 
times present to an extreme degree, as in some varieties 
of shrubs (Crataegus, Robinia, &e.) cultivated for their 
singularly tortuous branches. 
[J 
Cc 
) 
2 df 

Fria. 170.—Portion of the culm Fie. 171.—Portion of a branch of 
of a Juncus, bent irregularly. Crategus oxyacantha, var. tortuosa. 
Such cases as those just mentioned, however, are 
but shehtly irregular compared to others in which the 
deformity exists to such an extent that the traces of 
the ordinary mode of growth are almost obliterated. 
