STAMENS. 361 
For other illustrations see multiplication of whorls, petalody ; see also 
Mogquin, loc. cit., p. 350. Engelmann, loc. cit., p. 20, § 18. Cramer, loc. 
cit., p. 25. 
Polyphylly of the andrecium—An increased number of 
stamens frequently accompanies the corresponding 
alterations in other whorls, and seems, if anything, to 
be more frequent among monocotyledonous plants than 
among dicotyledonous ones; thus, we occasionally find 
tetramerous flowers in Crocus, Hyacinthus, Tulipa, Iris, 
Tigridia, &c., and more rarely in Yucca (Y. flevilis'). 
The increased number of stamens in a single whorl 
may result from a development of organs usually sup- 
pressed, and constitute a form of regular peioria as 
in Iinaria, wherein a fifth stamen is occasionally met 
with. Among normally didynamous plants such nume- 
rical restitution, so to speak, is not unusual; thus, in 
Veronica four and five stamens occur. Fresenius has 
seen five stamens in Lamiwm, Mentha, Chelone;? Bentham 
in Melittis, and other instances are cited under the 
head of peloria. Chorisis may also serve to account 
for some of these cases; thus, Hichler’ figures a flower 
of Matthiola annua with five long stamens instead of 
four; one of the long pairs of stamens has here under- 
gone a greater degree of repetition than usual. De 
Candolle* cites and figures a curious form of Capsella 
Bursa-pastoris sent him by Jacquin, and which was to 
some extent reproduced by seed. In the flowers of 
this variety there were no petals, but ten stamens; 
hence De Candolle inferred that the petals were here 
replaced by stamens, but Moquin’ objects, and with 
justice, to this view, as the ten stamens are all on the 
same line; he considers the additional stamens to be 
the result of chorisis. Buchenau* mentions the presence 
1 * [lust. Hortic.,’ 1866, misc., p. 97. 
2 See Fresenius, ‘Mus. Senkenb.,’ bd. 2, p. 43. Schlechtendal, ‘ Bot. 
Zeit.,’ iv, pp. 403, 492, Veronica tetrandra. 
3 « Flora,’ 1865, tab. 6, fig. 8. 
* «Org. Veget.,’ t. i, p. 497, pl. 42, f. 3. 
° «Bl. Ter. Veg.,’ p. 354. 
° Cited in “ Rev. Bibl.” of ‘Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr.,’ 1866, p. 171. 
