380 ANDR@CIUM. 
which nearly 900 petaloid organs existed in the place 
of the twenty-five or thirty stamens natural to the 
plant, the other organs of the flower being in their 
ordinary condition, with the exception of the pistil, 
which did not attain its full size. Baillon records the 
occasional existence of two rows of stamens in Ditaxis 
lancifolia. 
Increased number of stamens in orchids, &e— Various de- 
viations from the ordinary type of orchid structure 
have been already alluded to under the head of dis- 
placement, fusion, peloria, substitution, &c., but the 
alterations presented by the androecium in this family 
are so important in reference to what is considered its 
natural conformation, that it seems desirable, in this 
place, to enter upon the teratological appearances pre- 
sented by the andrcecium in this order, in somewhat 
greater detail than usual. The ordinary structure of 
the flower, with its three sepals, two petals, labellum, 
column, and inferior ovary, is well known. Such a 
conformation would be wholly anomalous and inexplic- 
able were it not that the real number and arrangement 
of parts have been revealed by various workers labouring 
to the same end in different fields. Thus, Robert 
Brown, Link, Bauer, Darwin, and others, paid special 
attention to the minute anatomy and mode of distribu- 
tion of the vessels; Irmisch, Crueger, Payer, and 
others, to the evolution of the flower; Lindley, St. 
Hilaire, and Reichenbach, to the comparison of the 
completed structures in the various genera and species ; 
while the teratological observers have been numerous, 
as will be seen from the selected references cited at 
the end of this paragraph and in other places. The 
result of this manifold study has been a pretty 
general agreement that the structure of the order 
(omitting minor details) is as follows :—A_six-parted 
perianth in two rows, the outer three (sepals) generally 
regular and equal in shape; of the inner three (petals 
or tepals) two are regular, and one, the labellum, very 
