382 ANDR@CIUM OF 
a 3 represent the position of the inner verticil of sta- 
mens, while s, s, s denote the three carpels. It is 
foreign to the purpose of this book to detail the varied 
evidence in support of this explanation of the homo- 
logies of orchid flowers. All that can be done in these 
pages is to set forth the evidence furnished by terato- 
logy as to this matter—evidence for the most part 
accumulated and recorded without any special reference 
to any theory of orchid structure. 
The following details all refer to flowers in which 
the number of stamens in orchidaceous plants was 
increased beyond what is necessary. They are arranged 
with reference to the number of adventitious organs, 
beginning with those in which the number was smallest, 
and proceeding thence to those in which it was greatest. 
In some cases it has not been possible to ascertain 
whether the adventitious organs were really restorations 
of the numerical symmetry, substitutions of one part 
for another, stamen for petal, &c., or wholly adventitious 
productions. Unless otherwise stated, the interpreta- 
tion put upon the facts thus recorded is that of the 
present writer, and not necessarily that of the original 
observer. 
Mr. J. T. Moggridge has described and figured a flower of Ophrys 
insectifera in which there was a vestige of a second stamen present, 
probably one of the inner series fig. 192 (a ?).2 The same observer also 
records the presence of a second anther between the lobes of the 
normal one. ‘This can hardly be referred to either of the typical 
stamens, but would seem to be a perverted development of the 
rostellum.* 
Reper is stated by Cramer’ to have seen a specimen of Orchis morio 
with two stamens. 
In a flower of Habenaria chlorantha, described by the late Professor 
Henslow,° the outer three stamens are suppressed, while two of the inner 
group are present, as happens normally in Cypripedium. 
' On this point the reader will find an excellent summary in Lindley’s 
‘Vegetable Kingdom,’ ed. ui, p. 183a, and in Darwin, ‘ Fertilisation of 
Orchids,’ p. 292. See also Criiger, ‘ Journ. Linn. Soce.,’ t. viii, p. 134. 
2 «Seemann’s Journal of Botany,’ vol. iv, p. 168, tah. 47. 
* Thid., t. iv, 1866, p. 168, t. xlvii, f. 1. ‘ 
* « Bildungsabweich,’ p. 8; see also ‘ Bot. Zeit..’ 1852. p. 425. 
* * Journ. Linn. Soc.,’ t. ii, p. 104, tab. 1, fig. B. 
