422, ILYPERTROPHY. 
defective development of the flowers. In the case of 
the ash the terminal pedicels occasionally become 
swollen and distorted, while the flowers are completely 
deficient, as shown in the adjacent cut (fig. 202). 
In grapes a similar condition may occasionally be 
met with in which the terminal pedicels become greatly 
swollen and fused into a solid mass. It would seem 
probable that this change is due to insect puncture, or 
to the effect of fungus growth at an early stage of 
development, but as to this point there is at present 
no evidence.’ 
In the apple a dilatation of the flower-stalk below 
the ordinary fruit may occasionally be observed, thus 
giving rise to the appearance of two fruits superposed 
and separated one from the other by a constriction. 
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Fic. 203.—Monstrous pear, showing extension and ramification of the 
succulent floral axis. The bases of the Sepals are also succulent. 

1 Jaeger, ‘ Flora,’ 1860, p- 49. la i, 
