4,49, APOSTASIS. 
A frequent change in Crucifers is due to the forma- 
tion of a long stalk bearing the pod, and thus giving 
rise to the appearance met : as a constant occurrence 1m 
Capparids. 
In Tropeolum imajus a similar elevation of the pistil 
may occasionally be seen. 
The adjacent figure of a monstrous Delphinium taken 
from Cramer illustrates well the elongation of the floral 
axis and the apostasis of the carpels. In this instance 
the axis is terminated by a second flower (median pro- 
lification). 
One of the best-marked illustrations of these changes 
occurs in a permanent malformation of Hpilobium hir- 
sutwm, specimens of which were originally obtained 
from the late Professor Henslow. The several floral 
parts are here, some virescent, others truly foliaceous, 
and each whorl is separated from its neighbour by a 
rather long internode. In Fuchsia and Campanula a 
hike change may occasionally be observed. 
Engelmann, in addition to those previously men- 
tioned, cites the following plants as having manifested 
this change: 
*Convallaria majalis !, * Tulipa Gesneriana !, Veronica 
Chamedrys, Orobanche gracilis, Solanum Lycopersicum, 
Gentiana campestris, Hypericum, Helleborus fetidus, 
Caltha palustris, Brassica oleracea! and many Rosacee, 
Caryophyllee, Crucifere, and Ranunculacee. (See 
Dialysis, Median Prolification, &c.) 
Apostasis of the subfloral or involucral leaves is not 
of infrequent occurrence in malformations affecting 
Composite and Umbellifere. In the following genera 
it has been observed with especial frequency :—Torilis 
Anthriscus, Eryngium, Athamanta Cervaria, Leontodon, 
Tragopogon pratense !, Wedelia perfoliata! In garden 
anemones, also, it is a common deyiation.- © 
