448 ENATION, 
conditions occur normally in such leaves as those of 
Rumez crispus, Malva crispa, &c.,and are developed to an 
extreme degree in garden varieties of parsley, some kails, 
&e., as well as in many ferns, but these are probably 
cases rather of fission than enation as here understood.' 
Enation from the sepals—The basal lobes of the calyx 
in Campanula Medium, under normal circumstances, 
may be referred to in illustration of this occurrence, 
while the adventitious spurs on the calyx of some 
monstrous flowers seem due also to a like cause. 
These have already been alluded to at p. 315. 
Enation from the corolla—The instances of this are 
more frequent than in the case of the calyx, and admit 
of classification according as they occur in polypetalous 
or gamopetalous flowers, on the outer or mner surface 
of the petals, &c. Under natural circumstances the 
formation of scales, lobes, &c., from the petals, as in 
some Caryophyllee, Sapindacew, &c. &e., may be ex- 
plained, as already remarked, by this process, rather 
than by fission, chorisis, or by substitution of petals 
for stamens, &e. Hach case must, however, be ex- 
amined on its own merits, as it is not safe to decide 
upon the arrangement of parts in one flower by simply 
referring to the analogy of others. In the followmg 
illustrations the course of development has not, in all 
cases, been observed, and hence the explanation here 
given must be taken with some reserve; for should it 
prove that the adventitious lobes, &c., are formed 
simultaneously with the ordinary petals, the case will 
be one of chorisis rather than of enation, as here 
understood. Again, it may be that the supernumerary 
organs really represent petals or stamens in disguise, 
though this hypothesis demands the further assumption 
(in order to account for the interference with the law 
1 See C. Morren, “ Consid. sur les déformations,” &c., in ‘ Bull. Acad. 
Belg.,’ 1852, tom. xix, part 3, p. 444; and as to ferns, see Moore, 
‘ Nature- Printed British Ferns,’ 8yo ed., where numerous illustrations 
are given, 
