344 The Neiv York State College of Forestry 



CONSPECTUS 



OF THE FAMILIES AND GENERA WHICH INCLUDE THE NATIVE AND 

 NATURALIZED TREE® OF NEW YORK STATE WITH 



ANALYTICAL KEYS 



LEADING TO THE SPECIES 



CLASS L GYMNOSPERMAE 



NAKED-OVULED PLANTS 



Flowering plants in which the seeds are borne naked upon the 

 face of a scale and not inclosed in a ripened ovary or pericarp. 

 The ovuliferous scales are usually aggregated into cones, the scales 

 of which spread at maturity to permit the escape of the seeds. 

 Gymnosperms are all woody and include trees, shrubs, and lianas. 

 Formerly represented in large numbers during the Triassic and 

 Jurassic periods of the Mesozoic, the group has waned in recent 

 times to about four hundred and fifty species which are grouped in 

 four orders, the Cycadales, Coniferales, Gingkoales, and Gnetales. 

 Of these the Coniferales are most important because they include 

 many forest trees which cover extensive tracts in temperate regions. 

 The others are not represented among the native or naturalized 

 trees of New York State. 



CONIFERALES. PINE ORDER 



1. Ovuliferous scales not forming a definite cone; seeds provided with a par- 



tially fleshy testa or an aril Taxaceae 



2. Ovuliferous scales aggregrated into definite cones; seeds ripening dry 



Pinaceae 



YEW FAMILY. TAXACEAE 



Represented by eleven genera and some one hundred odd species, 

 grouped in two tribes, the Podocarpineae and the Taxineae. The 

 Podocarpineae are characteristic of the southern hemisphere and 

 include valuable timber trees. The Taxineae are chiefly inhabit- 

 ants of the northern hemisphere and are represented in New York 

 State by but the one species, Taxus canadensis Marsh., the Ground 

 Hemlock, 



PINE FAMILY. PINACEAE 



The Pine family of twenty-nine genera and approximately two 

 hundred and forty-five species includes the dominant conifers. 



