350 The New York State College of Forestry 



thirty-five representatives of this genus are widely distributed 

 from the Arctic Circle to the West Indies, the highlands of Mexico, 

 northern Africa and Japan. One species, J. communis L., is 

 circumpolar in its range. Eleven species become arborescent 

 within the boundaries of the United States. Juniperus virginiana 

 L. is found in New York State. 



Leaves trimorphic; one sort in whorls of 3, linear-subulate, acute, non- 

 glandular, convex below, concave and stomatdferous above; a second kind 

 scale-like, ovate, opposite or ternate, closely imbricated, appressed, adnate to 

 the branch, glandular on the back on lateral shoots; the third sort free and 

 owl-shaped, borne on vigorous shoots. Flowers dioecious, axillary or terminal, 

 minute; staminate flowers solitary, oblong-ovate, consisting of numerous 

 stamens decussate or in 3 's with ovate or peltate connectives bearing 2-6 

 pollen sacs; ovulate flowers ovoid, bracteolate at the base, consisting of 2-6 

 opposite or ternate scales bearing minute, 2-ovuled, fertile scales on their inner 

 face. Fruit a berry-like, succulent, blue-black, blue or red cone often with 

 glaucous bloom, smooth or marked by the tips of the coalescing scales, con- 

 taining 1-6 bony, wingless seeds; cones require 1-3 years to attain maturity; 

 cotyledons 2-6. 



