364 The New York Sfate College of Forestry 



witli a tubular calyx, stalked ovary and laterally attached filaiueiitoiis style. 

 Fruit a globular head consistuig of many red drupes each exserted above a 

 fleshy red stipe and perianth. 



THE OSAGE ORANGE. Genus MACLURA Nutt. 



A genus endemic to the United States and consisting of a single 

 species, Madura pomifera (Raf.) Schw., originally confined to a 

 restricted area in southern Missouri, Oklahoma and northea.stern 

 Texas but now widely naturalized in eastern United States. A 

 medium-sized tree with rounded crown, spinescent twigs, milky 

 juice, and deeply furrowed orange-brown bark. 



Leaves alternate, deciduous, simple, ovate to oblong-lanceolate, rounded or 

 sub-cordate at the base, entire, at maturity dark green and lustrous above, 

 duller and conspicuously reticulate-veined beneath, turning bright yellow in 

 the autumn; petioles long, terete; stipules small, caducous. Branchlets with 

 short lateral spurs or armed with sharp axillary spines. Floiters dioecious, 

 appearing after the leaves ; staminate flowers in long-stalked, sub-globose 

 heads from the axils of crowded leaves on short lateral spurs, sleuder-pedi- 

 celled; calyx 4-Iobed; stamens 4, opposite the lobes of the calyx, inflexed in 

 the bud but straightening elastically at anthesis and becoming exserted; 

 pistillate flowers in dense, sessile or short-stalked heads arising in the axils 

 of the leaves of the season; calyx ovato, divided to the base into thick, oblong, 

 concave lobes which closely invest the ovary, the outer pair the larger; pistn 

 consisting of an ovate, compressed, green, 1-ovuled ovary surmounted by an 

 elongate, filiform style. Fruit a globose, yellowish green, mammillate aggre- 

 gate consisting of many oblong, compressed drujjlets and the thickened, much 

 elongated perianths, the whole saturated mth milky juice; seed oblong, com- 

 pressed, light chestnut-broA\'n, exalbuminous. 



Series 2. POLYPETALAE 



Dicotyledons in which both calyx and corolla are present (or 

 without corolla in Liqiiidamhar, certain species of Acer., etc.), 

 the corolla consisting of separate petals. 



MAGNOLIA FAMILY. MAGNOLTACBAE 



A family of ten genera and some seventy species, widely dis- 

 tributed in temperate and tropical regions. They are trees or 

 shrubs with watery juice, bitter aromatic bark, alternate leaves, 

 showy flowers, and thick rootlets. Four genera are represented 

 in North America, two by arborescent forms in eastern United 

 States. 



Bud-scales stipular, enclosing the leaves in the bud.. Leaves alternate, 

 pinniveined, petioled, conduplicate in the bud. Flowers large, showy, termi- 

 nal, perfect, i)edunculate, enclosed in the bud in a caducous stipular sheath; 



