Trees of New York State 415 



splnosa — L. (full of thorns) fr. spina, a thorn, allied to sfica, an ear of 



corn, and -osus, full of; referring to the cortical spines of Aralia spinosa. 

 Spruce — fr. the Ger. Pruse, "so named because it was first known as a 



native of Prussia, or because its sprouts were used in making spruce 



beer." The coniiiion name of Picea. 

 stellata — L. (covered witli stars) fr. the Skt. star; referring to the radiate 



lobes of Qucrciis stellata (minor). 

 Strobus — • L. fr. the Gr. (TTi>6j3or^ a Persian incense-bearing tree, the term 



stohilius (a cone or anytliing twisted) cither conies from or gives rise to 



this word. 

 StyracLflua — L. (styrax-flowing) f r. the Gr. on'/Kii, the tree, and the L. fluere, 



to flow; referring to the juices of Liquidcmhar Stryraciflua. 

 silicate — 1j. (furrowed) fr. sulcus, a furrow; referring to the character of 



the bark oi- tlie grooved leafpctioh's of Cari/a latnaiosa. ( V) 

 Sumach — fr. tlie Arabic summacs through tlie Sp. zumaque, the Fr. sumac, 



and the M. E. sumac. Tlie common name of Rhus. 

 Sycamore — fr. the Gr. aiKui\ a lig, and //o/^or, the mulberry, through the L. 



si/c(inti>rus. Perliaps originally fr. i\u'. Heb. shiqmah, the plane tree. The 



common name of Platanus owing to the multiple fruit. 

 sylvatica — L. (belonging t(j the woods) fr. silva, a forest; referring to the 



habitat of Nyssa sylvatica. 

 Tacamahac — f r. the Aztec tecomahiyac in reference to the resin of Barsera 



tomentosa, through the Sp. tamahaca, the Fr. tamahaque, and the E. 



tacamahac. The common name of Pupuhis halsamifera owing to the 



resinous buds. 

 Tamarack — Prob. from the Canadian Indian name for Lan-ix laricvna. 

 Thomasii — • L. for the surname Thomas, given as a synonym for Vlmus 



racemosa. 

 Thuja- — ■ L. L. fr. the Gr. 0('/«, the common name of a.n aromatic African tree, 



named from d'cu, to perfume. 

 thyoides — L. (Thuja-like) fr. the Gr. gc/a and oides, like; referring to the 



resemblance of Chamuecyparis thyoides to Thuja. 

 Tilia — L. (the linden tree), the L. common name, 

 tinctoria — L. (dyed) fr. tingere, to dye; referring to the orange colored dye 



in the inner bark of Quercus velutina. 

 tomentosa — L. (woolly) fr. tomeTptum, wool, and -osus, full of; referring to 



pubescent leaves of Gary a alba. 

 Toxicodendron — L. (poison-wood) fr. toodcum through the Gr. rol^iKoq tx.T6^ov 



a bow, in reference to the ancient use of poisoned arrows, and Sevdpov 



a tree, given as a generic name for Rhus vernix. 

 Toxylon — L. L. fr. the Gr. t6^,ov, bow, and ^v?iov, wood; a name suggested by 



the use of the wood for bows by the Indians, 

 tremuloides — L. (trembling- Like) fr. the Gt. rpt/xu and o'idcs, like; refer- 

 ring to the trembling leaves of Populus tremuloides. 

 triancanthos — L. (3-spines) fr. the Gr. rpia^ three, and uKui'du, a spine; refer- 

 ring to the branched spines of Gleditsia triancanthos. 

 trifolia — L. (3-leaved) fr. tres (trial) three, and folium, leaf; referring to 



the three leaflets in the compound leaf of Ptelea trifolia. 

 triloba — ^L. (3-lobed) fr. tria, three, and the Gr. /(j/iot, lobe; referring to the 



3-lobed calyx of Asimina triloba. 

 Tsuga — L. L. fr. the Japanese common name of a species of hemlock. 

 Tulip-tree — fr. the L. tulipa (see tulipifera) and tree (see coffee-tree). The 



common name of Liriodendron tulipifera owing to the showy flowers. 

 tulipifera — K L. (tulip-bearing) f r. the Pers. dulbend, a tulip, and tlie 



\j. ferre, to bear; referring to the tulip-like flowers of JAriodendron 



tulipifera. 

 Tupelo — • fr. the N. Am. Indian common name for Nyssc. 

 typhina — L. (cat-tail-like) fr. the Gr. rl'cp//, (L. Typha) ; referring to the 



hairy twigs of Rhus typhina. 

 Ulmus — L. (elm) fr. the common name of the elm. 

 variifolium — L. (various-leaved) fr. various, changeable, and folium, leaf; 



referring to the several types of leaves of Sa,ssafras variifolium. 



