ES, es 
The table is prepared from the annual volumes (1897 — 
1906) of «Annales de l'Observatoire physique central de St. 
Pétersbourg», especially from «Résumés mensuels et annuels». 
The observations were made every day at 7 a. m., 1 p. m. 
and 9 p.m. The maximum averages given are the mean of 
the highest readings at 1 p. m., and are therefore too low be- 
cause that hour is not the hottest part of the day. The mi- 
nimum averages on the contrary are the mean of real minima; 
they are not given for Petro Alexandrowsk. 
The figures on the whole correspond with those given 
by Ficker for another decade. 
Brackets round a figure indicate that it is not the mean 
of 10 years’ observations, but only of 7—9 years’ on account 
of gaps in the series of observations. 
Within a territory of the size of Transcaspia there are 
of course meteorological differences, the extent of which may 
be seen by reference to the great «Atlas climatologique», 
wher ethey are charted. We need only point out here that the 
area south of the Aral Sea has the least precipitation and 
that from this centre there is an increase on all sides. As 
defined by Képren this area has a true rain-less climate, the 
rain-probability being under 0,20. Petro-Alexandrowsk has 0,13, 
Askhahad 0,33, Tashkent 0,36. 
Further details are unnecessary as I do not know the ve- 
getative conditions intimately enough to be able to correlate 
the climatic differences with them. 
The «light- climate» of Aralocaspia is characterized by 
the large number of cloudless days. WIESNER mentions (quo- 
ting from Hann) that in the Kirghiz Steppe thereare 170 cloudless 
days per annum. The foliage of the plants is here aphoto- 
metric, that is it has no fixed position in relation to the light; 
or it is only in the lowest degree photometric, having a fixed 
position to the light (WiESNER p. 62). This is in the main 
correct, yet plants occur which turn their leaves in accor- 
dance with the light, for example Glycyrrhiza and Smirnowia. 
