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All the Fanerophytes; 
All the Chamaephytes; 
A few Hemicryptophytes ; 
Some Rhizome-Geophytes (but only a few); 
A few Therophytes. 
The Mesophytic Aspect includes: 
Many Hemicryptophytes ; 
Most of the bulbous Geophytes and some Rhizome- 
Geophytes; 
Many Therophytes. 
The percentages of early and late-flowering species already 
given show that by far the greater proportion of the plants 
of Transcaspia are early flowering. The number of late- 
flowering species in the list of plants is 123, which is 16 
per ct. of all the species. The species whose flowering 
season is not stated, are as a rule taken as early flowering. 
It holds good for most growth-forms that the majority 
of the species flower early. This also applies to the Thero- 
phytes, but for one group of these the summer-annuals, the 
opposite is the case; the same is seen in the Chamaephytes. 
CHAPTER 13 
Descriptions of the Growth-Forms. 
In this chapter an attempt is made to give a descriplion 
of some of the structural features of Transcaspian desert- 
plants. Even a brief description of each of the desert-plants 
of our area would fill a large volume, hence the following 
is limited to species known from personal observation and 
collected by myself supplemented in some cases by other 
material. In this respect the “Herbarium florae Rossicae” 
has been of great service. 
The plant-species are arranged according to their “biolo- 
