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two or three times. The tertiary series of branches and the 
upper ones of secondary order are apparently always short 
(up to about 4 centimetres) and rarely have more than 2 or 
3 internodes. It seems as if growth were interrupted by the 
drying up of the terminal bud. Each of these small branches 
bears one or two flowers. 
The lower leaves are lanceolate-linear and may attain 
a length of about 3 centimetres; the upper ones are small 
scales, so that the plant is thus practically leafless. All the 
green parts are covered with slanting bipartite hairs similar 
in form to those of C. erinaceus (see fig. 53). 
The white flowers open in June. The capsule contains 
two large, long-haired and hard-shelled seeds. 
I had no opportunity of examining the anatomy of the 
leaf. The primary cortex resembles that of the next species. 
The epidermis consists of one layer and contains tannic acid; 
the stomata are not sunk. There are three layers of palisade 
cells which towards the interior are supported by one or a 
few layers of tangentially extended cells, almost devoid of 
chlorophyll, and among these are a few bast cells opposite 
the groups of phloém. 
Convolvulus divaricatus Rgl. & Schm. 
An undershrub which grows on stationary sand. The 
year-shoots, about 30—40 centimetres in length, are sinuous, 
white-woolly and two or three times branched. The leaves 
are small, (5 to 15 mm. long) and with a broad cordate 
base. 
The isolated white flowers open in May. 
The structure of the leaf is isolateral. About five layers 
of palisade cells occur, the middle ones being the smaller. 
The epidermis is one-layered and contains tannic acid. Both 
surfaces are covered with long projecting hairs which are 
bipartite but one arm is much reduced. Alongside the veins 
there are secreting cells (laticiferous cells). The structure of 
the green cortex of the young branches is similar to that of 
the previous species, but the hairs are erect and the coating 
is much denser. 
